microsatellite

A highly polymorphic segment of DNA composed of repetitive stretches of short sequences of 2–6 base pairs of DNA, which serve as genetic markers to track inheritance in families. Microsatellites include dinucleotides, trinucleotides and tetranucleotides, repeated in tandem arrays throughout a genome. The human genome has 50–100,000 microsatellite loci.

short tandem repeat (STR)

short repetitive DNA sequence. The repeat unit is generally 1–13 NUCLEOTIDES in length and the number of repeats varies in different individuals, usually from 5 to 20. The POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) can be used to determine the number of repeats at a LOCUS, by using PRIMERS that anneal either side of the STR, and analysing the size of the resulting PCR product after amplification. Useful for identification of individuals by DNA FINGERPRINTING.Also called microsatellite DNA

Collins Dictionary of Biology, 3rd ed. © W. G. Hale, V. A. Saunders, J. P. Margham 2005

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References in periodicals archive

Microsatellite DNA or short tandem repeat (STR) [1] sequences are important in many types of genetic analysis, such as loss of heterozygosity testing, linkage analysis, gene mapping and discovery, paternity and forensic identity testing, evolutionary studies, and clinical diagnostics (1-10).

Genotyping energy-transfer-cassette-labeled short-tandem-repeat amplicons with capillary array electrophoresis microchannel plates

DNA typing with fluoroscently tagged short tandem repeats: A sensitive and accurate approach to human identification, Biotechniques (1993) 15:100-119.

Anomalous amplification of the Amelogenin locus typed by AmpFLSTR[R] Profiler Plus[TM] amplification kit

Analysis of two multiplexed short tandem repeat systems using capillary electrophoresis with multiwavelength fluorescence detection.

Efficiency of two different nine-loci short tandem repeat systems for DNA typing purposes

* For the prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidies, short tandem repeats (STRs) have already been used.

Segmental Duplications as a Complement Strategy to Short Tandem Repeats in the Prenatal Diagnosis of Down Syndrome

De Knijff et al., "A new method for the evaluation of matches in non-recombining genomes: Application to Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) haplotypes in European males," Forensic Science International, vol.

Analysis of Mutation Rate of 17 Y-Chromosome Short Tandem Repeats Loci Using Tanzanian Father-Son Paired Samples

Itakura, "Gestational choriocarcinoma of Fallopian tube diagnosed with a combination ofp57KIP2 immunostaining and short tandem repeat analysis: case report.," Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, vol.

Gestational Tubal Choriocarcinoma Presenting as a Pregnancy of Unknown Location following Ovarian Induction

High-resolution combined linkage physical map of short tandem repeat loci on human chromosome band Xq28 for indirect haemophilia A carrier detection.

Single-Tube Dodecaplex PCR Panel of Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers Closely Linked to the DMPK CTG Repeat for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis of Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1

Following that, three short tandem repeat markers (D19S-TATG-F: 5'-ACAGAGTGGGACTGTGGTTC-3', D19S-TATG-R: 5'-GTAGGCTGAGGTCGAAGAAT-3'; D19S-CTTT-F: 5'-CCTCCTCAAGGAACCTTTCG-3', D19S-CTTT-R: 5'-CAGCCTAGCGACAGAGCAAG-3'; D19S-TTAT-F: 5'-TTTAGCTTCCCATCCCAGTG-3', D19S-TTAT-R: 5'-TCATGCCTCTAATCCCAGCT-3') around the COMP gene were used for linkage analysis in the family.

Diagnosis with Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia Using Whole-exome Sequencing in a Chinese Family

Developmental validation of short tandem repeat reagent kit for forensic DNA profiling of canine biological materials.

A PANEL OF MICROSATELLITE MARKERS FOR GENETIC DIVERSITY AND PARENTAGE ANALYSIS OF DOG BREEDS IN PAKISTAN

Application of the short tandem repeat loci in prenatal diagnostics of the most common aneuploidies.

A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of cytogenetic and molecular genetic methods in the detection of Down syndrome

Wu, "The effect of short tandem repeat loci and low selenium levels on endemic osteoarthritis in China," Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery--Series A, vol.

Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis for treating osteoarthritis in a patient with Kashin-Beck disease

One promising approach that has not previously been used to assess individuals with impulsive aggression is genetic polymorphism analysis of short tandem repeat (STR) loci (non-coding regions of DNA with multiple repeated sequences of base pairs linked with adjacent recombination hotspots).

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