In this study, rats in HFD group showed that histological changes including renal fibrosis and tubular necrosis, degenerated epithelial cells, necrotic debris in tubular lumen,
pyknotic nuclei and inflammation were clearly improved, as well as the reno-protective effect of ginger extract (Nwaopara et al., 2008).The ultrastructural perceptions of the renal sections of HFD group revealed an increase in the glomerular endothelial cells and collagen fibrotic glomerulopathy in the mesangium and the mesangial cells.
Neutrophil Changes Erythrocyte Changes Cytoplasmic vacuoles Crenated (burr cells, echinocytes) Loss of granulations Spherocytes Elongated nuclei Elongated (elliptocytes) (loss of segmentation) Undefined chromatin Schistocytes (fragments) (appear liquefied)
Pyknotic nuclei (necrobiotic) Hypochromic Cytoplasm rupture Smudge (basket) cells
The most characteristic progestin-associated change is the appearance of myocytes with
pyknotic nuclei and abundant deeply eosinophilic cytoplasm adjacent to the necrotic areas.
Some of their nuclei appeared
pyknotic and karyorrhectic compared with the control group (Figure 2c).
Atretic follicles had oocyte with a
pyknotic nucleus of oocyte and granulosa cells and shrunken ooplasm.
The neoplasm was composed of spindle-cells with
pyknotic nuclei and rare mitotic figures and a modest degree of nuclear pleomorphism.
Some cells were juxtaposed to suggest molding, with many cells containing
pyknotic nuclei, indicative of a rapidly growing tumor (Figure 2(b)).
The nucleus is decreased in size with folding in its surface and condensed chromatin, which gives a
pyknotic appearance.