The
psychism, as Freud clearly pointed out in 1921, in his masterpiece << Group Psychology and Ego Analysis >> (crowd is the term originally used by Freud), is inherently constructed by the relationships of the subjects with their significant others.
He shows how, under pressure from contradictory trends, new concepts emerged, new frontiers of psychism were drawn, and he emphasizes the fluid and transitory nature of this demarcation.
One of the interests of this `describe-construct' concept applied to the history of psychism is in challenging an idea that is more-or-less established among anthropologists, namely that of a universal and natural psychism which has come to modulate the diversity of systems of representation.
330) and (b) uses cognitive terms "for the resuscitation of
psychism into psychology" (Kantor, 1976, p.
On the other hand, the root word "
psychism" works at various stages or levels that can be heuristically identified and hierarchized in the following way.