Lisanby, "Facilitation of performance in a working memory task with rTMS stimulation of the
precuneus: frequency- and time-dependent effects," Brain Research, vol.
A resting-state fMRI study showed that ayahuasca decreased activation of key hubs of the default mode network (DMN), including the posterior cingulate (PCC) and the medial prefrontal cortices and the
precuneus (33).
More in detail, patients suffering from MCI depict areas of hypoperfusion in bilateral parietal lobes [7], posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and
precuneus [10,13], left (L) occipital lobe, and bilateral frontal and temporal lobes [14], compared to healthy controls (HC).
Areas such as the cerebellum, the premotor area, the
precuneus, and the prefrontal and parietal cortexes seem to be more active in iPD patients than in healthy individuals under DT [26].
However, the researchers are finding some differences between cases and controls on functional imaging, including increased spontaneous activity in the amygdala and the insula, and decreased spontaneous activity in the
precuneus. "The overall findings on fMRI are that there's increased activity in the regions [of the brain] associated with fear and decreased connectivity between the frontal cortex and the amygdala," he said.
The visualized areas, robustly involving the frontal,
precuneus, and posterior cingulate, and the parietotemporal cortices, appeared to correspond to the typical pattern of A[beta] accumulation in AD (Fig.
Specifically, males on average had larger volumes and higher tissue densities in the left amygdala, hippocampus, insular cortex, putamen; higher densities in the right VI lobe of the cerebellum and in the left claustrum; and larger volumes in the bilateral anterior parahippocampal gyri, posterior cingulate gyri,
precuneus, temporal poles, and cerebellum, areas in the left posterior and anterior cingulate gyri, and in the right amygdala, hippocampus, and putamen.
In addition to the PIVC, projection targets of the vestibular nuclei also include the ventral and posterolateral thalamus, cerebellar nuclei (these also receive direct input from the vestibular organs), the superior temporal gyrus, the
precuneus and inferior parietal lobule, the amygdala, the anterior cingulate cortex, and the locus coeruleus (Figure) (see Dieterich and Brandt [32]).