Benzylisoquinolinium compounds, such as d-tubocurarine, metocurine, doxacurium, atracurium, and mivacurium, are more likely to cause direct mast cell degranulation than aminosteroid compounds such as pancuronium, vecuronium, rocuronium, and
pipecuronium. Cisatracurium, a benzylisoquinolinium compound and an isomer of atracurium, and succinylcholine have the lowest potency of direct mast cell activation [11].
The induction of anesthesia was carried out as follows: Intravenous (IV) injection of midazolam and/or etomidate, fentanyl or sufentanil,
pipecuronium bromide or rocuronium bromide.
Intravenous infusion was established and anaesthesia was induced with intravenous Thiopentone Sodium (3-7mg/kg) with Atropine (0.01- 0.02mg/kg) or Glycopyrrolate, (10-20microg/kg), intubated with a cuffed endotracheal tube, intubation facilitated by Succinylcholine (1.5-2mg/kg), Patient was maintained with Nitrousoxide 60%, Oxygen 40%, Narcotic analgesic, Fentanyl (1-2microg/kg), Non-depolarising muscle relaxant, Vecuronium bromide (0.04-0-06mg/kg) or
Pipecuronium 0.05-O.O8mg/kg) and Halothane in traces (0.05- 1%).
They are Alcuronium, Atracurium (atrilix, tracrium, acuran), cisatracurium, daxacurium, mivacurium, pancurium (pavilon), vecuronium (norcurium),
pipecuronium, rocuronium (esmeron) and rapacuroniums.
However, compared with the placebo group, patients receiving magnesium required significantly less midazolam (7.1 mg/kg per day [0.1-47.9] vs 1.4 mg/kg per day [0.0-17.3]; p=0.026) and
pipecuronium (2.3 mg/kg per day [0.0-33.0] vs 0.0 mg/kg per day [0.0-14.8]; p=0.005) to control muscle spasms and associated tachycardia.
Quantitation of pancuronium, 3-desacetylpancuronium, vecuronium, 3-desacetylvecuronium,
pipecuronium and 3-desacetlypipecuronium in biological fluids by capillary gas chromatography using nitrogen-sensitive detection.