neonatal jaundice

Yellowing of a newborn’s skin during the neonatal period, which is caused by an increased bilirubin level in the blood, due to immaturity of liver function plus destruction of red cells. Neonatal jaundice appears between days 2 and 5 and clears by 2 weeks, and is more common in premature infants.

DiffDx
Nonphysiologic, prolonged, or pathologic jaundice in newborn, biliary atresia, ABO and/or Rh incompatibility, galactosaemia, cephalhaematoma, polycythemia, G6PD deficiency, neonatal sepsis, congenital infection (CMV), toxoplasmosis, syphilis, herpes, rubella, late-pregnancy use of sulfa drugs by mother, Crigler-Najjar syndrome, hereditary spherocytosis, cystic fibrosis, breast-milk jaundice, pyruvate kinase deficiency, thalassaemia, Gilbert’s syndrome, congenital hypothyroidism, Lucey-Driscoll syndrome, Gaucher’s disease, Niemann-Pick disease.

References in periodicals archive

This type is not a clinical disorder but recognised to be a normally occurring extension of physiological jaundice of new born and breast feeding should not be interrupted.

Breast non feeding: main cause of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in areas adjoining Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, a tertiary care teaching hospital, Bareilly

Table VIII shows that Preterm babies showed a higher incidence of sebaceous hyperplasia (Nanda 1989) and physiological jaundice (Dutta 1989) and a lower incidence of physiological scaling, milia (Mishra 1985), erythema toxicum neonatorum (LaVoo 1994) and breast hypertrophy (Rudoy 1975), which corresponds with the earlier studies.

Majority of the lesions of erythema toxicum neonatorum, physiological jaundice and physiological scaling appeared on 2nd, 4th and 5th day respectively.

SKIN CHANGES IN NEONATES DURING EARLY NEONATAL PERIOD

Table 3 shows that: Out of total 520 neonates, 224 (43.07%) had physiological jaundice and 296 (56.93%) had pathological jaundice.

Distribution of jaundiced neonate according to type of Jaundice Physiological Jaundice 43% Pathological jaundice 57% Note: Table made from pie chart.

Aetiological profile of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in neonatal intensive care unit of Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam

Post Caesarian 1 Instrumental Delivery - Outlet forceps 1 2% Table 6: Birth weight of Babies Less than 2 Kg 3 6% 2 - 2.5 Kg 20 37% 2.5 - 3 Kg 29 53% More than 3 Kg 2 4% Table 7: APGAR at the time of delivery 8-10 4 8% 10 50 92% Table 8: Causes for neonatal morbidity Birth asphyxia 1 Acute diarrhea 2 Physiological Jaundice 54 Oral thrush 2 Table 9: Incidence of HIV seropositivity in children born to HIV positive mothers 0 Days 6 Weeks Percentage (%) No.

Evaluation of the incidence of vertical transmission of HIV infection from seropositive mother to baby with art (intervention with nevirapine)

To find out the presence of physiological jaundice in neonatal period.

Observation of neonatal jaundice in relation to physiological changes and septicemia in neonatal period