mustard

[mus´terd]

1. a plant of the genus Brassica.

2. the ripe seeds of Brassica alba (white mustard) and B. nigra (black mustard), whose oils have irritant, stimulant, and emetic properties.

3. resembling, or something resembling, mustard in one or more of its properties.

nitrogen mustard mechlorethamine.

see nitrogen mustards.

nitrogen mustard

One of a group of toxic organic compounds that are structurally similar to mustard gas but contain nitrogen instead of sulfur, used primarily as chemotherapeutic agents.

MOPP

A 4-drug chemotherapy regimen for stage-III Hodgkin lymphoma.

Adverse effects
Sterility, nausea, vomiting, immunosuppression, increased infections, myelosuppression, myelodysplasia, ANLL.

nitrogen mustard

Oncology Any of a family of alkylating agents used primarily to treat NHLs, Hodgkin's disease, ALL, mycosis fungoides; NMs enter cells via the choline transport system; tumor cells may develop mustard resistance through enhanced repair of alkylated DNA or thiol-mediated mustard inactivation Toxicity GI tract–N&V, myelosuppression with pancytopenia, alopecia, tissue injury, diarrhea, diaphoresis

nitrogen mustard

A drug used in the treatment of cancer. Nitrogen mustard is an ALKYLATING AGENT.

Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M. Youngson 2004, 2005

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References in periodicals archive

"Nitrogen mustard was the first use of systemic therapy based on the premise that treatment failure was due to circulating cancer cells.

First FDA-approved chemo agent turns 60

A group of 10 patients applied nitrogen mustard unilaterally daily, then dropped back to three times per week as their hair grew in.

Try older remedies for alopecia areata. (Anthralin, Nitrogen Mustard)

KEY WORDS: cerebellum, DNA damage, granule cell, HN2, MAM, methylazoxymethanol, nitrogen mustard. Environ Health Perspect 114:1703-1712 (2006).

Methylazoxymethanol (MAM) and nitrogen mustard (HN2) are two established genotoxicants that reproducibly disrupt neuronal development when administered during the fetal or neonatal period of CNS development (Cattabeni and Di Luca 1997; Ferguson 1996; Graef et al.

In vitro neurotoxic and DNA-damage properties of nitrogen mustard (HN2).

Alkylation of DNA by the nitrogen mustard bis(2-chloroethyl) methylamine.

Genotoxicants target distinct molecular networks in neonatal neurons

At the Mayo Clinic, the practice is to treat patients conservatively, using topical nitrogen mustard and phototherapy with UVB or PUVA.

DERM DIAGNOSIS

During the Second World War scientists at the establishment, set in 6,000 acres of countryside in Salisbury, Wilts, carried out research on chemical weapons such as nitrogen mustards and biological agents including anthrax.

'Sinister' labs and the secret tests on 3,400 humans

This group of chemical warfare agents includes sulfur mustard, Lewisite [dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine], and nitrogen mustards. Nitrogen mustards have not been produced in substantial quantities, and they have some medicinal use as anticonvulsant agents (29).

The role of the clinical laboratory in managing chemical or biological terrorism