matrix metalloproteinase

endopeptidase subfamily that hydrolyze extracellular proteins, especially collagens and elastin. By regulating the integrity and composition of the extracellular matrix, these enzymes play a pivotal role in the control of signals elicited by matrix molecules that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and death.

Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

matrix metalloproteinase

A family of 25 zinc-dependent extracellular endopeptidases, which differ widely in substrate preferences (e.g., collagens, elastins, proteoglycans). MMPs are often present in disease and development; they are critical to tissue remodeling and expressed in certain malignancies, intimately linked to invasion and metastasis, an activity which is specifically blocked by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). MMPs are also linked to tissue damage in interstitial lung disease, diffuse alveolar damage, and pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis. MMPs are either secreted or membrane-bound (MT-MMPs) and anchored to the cell membrane by transmembrane and intracytoplasmic domains.

Matrix metalloproteinases
• Collagenases—digest triple-helical fibrillar collagens, major components of bone and cartilage. Members: MMP-1, MMP-8, MMP-13, MMP-18, MMP-14, MMP-2 (list differs from MESH, see there).

• Gelatinases—Digest type IV collagen and gelatin. Members: MMP-2, MMP-9.

• Stromelysins—Digest extracellular matrix proteins but not triple-helical collagens. Members: MMP-3, MMP-10, MMP-11.

• Membrane-type MMPs have a furin cleavage site (which is also seen in MMP-11, a stromelysin). Members: MMP-14 to MMP-17, MMP-24, MMP-25.

ma·trix me·tal·lo·pro·tein·ase

(mā'triksmĕ-tal'ō-prō'tē-nās)

A subfamily of endopeptidases that hydrolyze extracellular proteins, especially collagens and elastin. By regulating the integrity and composition of the extracellular matrix, these enzymes play a pivotal role in the control of signals elicited by matrix molecules that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and death.

Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012

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References in periodicals archive

Matrix components are regulated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP2, MMP9 (9).

Urine Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Current mechanistic insights into the roles of matrix metalloproteinases in tumour invasion and metastasis.

Estimation of serum matrix metalloproteinases among patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma

[12.] Chaussain-Miller C1, Fioretti F, Goldberg M, Menashi S (2006) The role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human caries, Journal of Dental Research 85:22-32.

The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Human Body

Matrix metalloproteinases are vital in the invasive and metastatic properties of cancer cells, and their expression (particularly MMP-2 and MMP-9) is promoted in a range of carcinomas (Deryugina and Quigley, 2006).

Effect of Honey in Improving Breast Cancer Treatment and Gene Expression Modulation of MMPs and TIMPs in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells

Matrix metalloproteinases: evolution, gene regulation and functional analysis in mouse models.

Activity of Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 and 9 in Follicular Fluid and Seminal Plasma and Its Relation to Embryo Quality and Fertilization Rate

Matrix metalloproteinases. J Biol Chem 1999;274:21491-4.

Differences of Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 Expression between Left and Right Ventricles in Response to Nandrolone Decanoate and/or Swimming Training in Mice

Nagase, "Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: structure function, and biochemistry," Circulation Research, vol.

Diagnosis and Prognosis of Prostate Cancer from Circulating Matrix Metalloproteinases and Inhibitors

Inoki et al., "Brevican is degraded by matrix metalloproteinases and aggrecanase-1 (ADAMTS4) at different sites," The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.

Proteolytic Remodeling of Perineuronal Nets: Effects on Synaptic Plasticity and Neuronal Population Dynamics

ECM and basal membrane destruction by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the zinc dependent endopeptidases, are important steps for tumor invasion and metastasis.

The Importance of Fecal and Plasma CEA, COX-2, MMP-7, and TIMP-1 in the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

Harper et al., "Temporal study of the activity of matrix metalloproteinases and their endogenous inhibitors during wound healing," Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, vol.

Wound Fluid Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 as a Potential Predictive Marker for the Poor Healing Outcome in Diabetic Foot Ulcers