Comparison of results of placement of cuffed-tunneled hemodialysis catheter in
internal jugular vein with subclavian vein for long-term dialysis.
The
internal jugular vein is the largest vein of the head and neck and it is a continuation of the sigmoid sinus which drains the intracranial and deep structures of the head and neck region (Standring et al.; Deepak et al., 2015).
Stany et al., "Ultrasound guided
internal jugular vein access in children and infant: A meta-analysis of published studies," Pediatric Anesthesia, vol.
(a) There is complete occlusion of the right
internal jugular vein (black arrow).
Findings on ultrasound include noncompressible low-level echos in the affected
internal jugular vein associated with venous distention and absence of flow.
Murthy, "Unusual case of focal neck swelling: phlebectasia of
internal jugular vein with intracranial extension," International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research, vol.
It shows the right and left
internal jugular vein (RIJV and LIJV), right and left external jugular vein (REJV and LEJV), right and left supraclavicular (RSC and LSC) branches of cephalic vein, right and left cephalic vein (RCV and LCV), right and left infraclavicular (RIC and LIC) branch of cephalic vein, right and left axillary veins (RAV and LAV), right and left brachiocephalic vein (RBC and LBC), superior vena cava (SVC), aorta (A), deltoid muscle (D), and pectoral major muscle (P).
A bedside compression venous ultrasound of the right upper extremity that included the brachial veins, the axillary vein, the subclavian vein, and the
internal jugular vein was performed revealing a distended, incompressible right subclavian vein which contained a visible intraluminal thrombus.
Pseudoaneurysm formation in the neck is a well-documented phenomenon after penetrating or blunt trauma to arteries, with most reported cases occurring in the carotids and usually preceded by
internal jugular vein cannulation.
FHCs should be reserved for cases where
internal jugular vein catheterisation is unsuccessful or contraindicated, with catheter days restricted to a minimum.
Axial ultrasound images of patient revealing presence of intraluminal calcification (arrow) at level of bifurcation of left common carotid artery (a) without and (b) SCM: Sternocleidomastoid muscle; ICA: Internal carotid artery; ECA: External carotid artery; V:
Internal jugular vein.