Hypergammaglobulinemia and rate of HIV type 1 infection progression.
Overall, 46 patients (25%) had
hypergammaglobulinemia, including 30 (23%) with Crohn disease, 14 (30%) with ulcerative colitis, and 2 (22%) with unclassified disease.
In 2002, the Japan Pancreas Society (JPS) [54] first proposed the diagnostic criteria for AIP and made the image abnormal findings such as irregular narrowing of the main pancreatic duct (MPD) (>one-third of the entire pancreas) and parenchymal swelling as necessity, accompanied with either of the following two: (1) serology showing
hypergammaglobulinemia (>2 g/dL, autoantibodies) and serum IgG elevation (>1800 mg/dL) and (2) characteristic pathological findings including lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with fibrosis.
Laboratory abnormalities commonly include elevated inflammatory markers, microcytic anemia,
hypergammaglobulinemia, and hypoalbuminemia [2].
Anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia,
hypergammaglobulinemia, and elevated ALP (alkaline phosphatase) (884 U/L) and GGT (gamma-glutamyl transferase) (356 U/L) levels were recorded as abnormal laboratory results.
The most common presentation is painless bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy accompanied by fever, leukocytosis, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and
hypergammaglobulinemia [2].
Hypergammaglobulinemia, representing humoral immune response, can occur secondary to antibody generation against blast antigens, antibody generation triggered by cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte recognition of blasts, or antibody generation against infectious antigens with cross-reactivity to leukemic blasts [4, 36].
[2] in 1986 who reported two patients with multiple pigmented skin lesions, generalized lymphadenopathy, and polyclonal
hypergammaglobulinemia. Systemic plasmacytosis, defined by involvement of two organ systems (i.e., lymph nodes, liver, spleen, or lung), can rarely progress to lymphoma.
Changes in the CBC can be consistent with aspergillosis or inflammation and may include a heterophilic leukocytosis (>20 X [10.sup.3] cells/[micro]L), (3) monocytosis, lymphopenia,
hypergammaglobulinemia, or evidence of nonregenerative anemia.
The results from blood tests were compatible with chronic inflammatory syndrome (albumin 28 g/L;
hypergammaglobulinemia with IgM 7.38 g/L and IgG 31.3 g/L; leukocytes 20.9 g/L; hemoglobin concentration 98 g/L).
Toxocara infection should be considered in presence of leukocytosis, eosinophilia and
hypergammaglobulinemia (IgE, IgG) in association with clinical findings.
Generally, blood testing in patients with SSc may show thrombocytopenia,
hypergammaglobulinemia, or (in patients with renal involvement of SSc) elevated blood urea and creatinine levels.