endocannabinoid-signalling pathway

endocannabinoid-signalling pathway

An endogenous pathway that regulates a wide range of physiological processes, such as neurotransmission, mood, appetite, pain sensation, memory and inflammatory states in the brain, gastrointestinal tract and periphery, and evokes marijuana-like behavioural effects.

The endocannabinoid system consists of three components:
• Endogenous cannabinoids (anandamide and 2-AG), which are THC-like chemicals;
• Enzymes that regulate the biosynthesis and breakdown of these endogenous cannabinoids; and
• Receptors that are activated by anandamide and 2-AG, as well as THC (the primary active ingredient in marijuana).

Molecular pathology
ABHD6 mutations cause PHARC (polyneuropathy, hearing loss, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa and cataract), a neurodegenerative disease caused by an inborn error of endocannabinoid metabolism.

Segen's Medical Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc. All rights reserved.