Encephalocoele (N-4) and Omphalocoele (N=3) were the most common individual malformation seen among stillbirths.
The patient had been a breech presentation during pregnancy and developed hydrocephalus secondary to an occipital
encephalocoele. Normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid was restored with the resection of the
encephalocoele.
The baby was also born with
encephalocoele, a rare type of birth defect of the neural tube affecting the brain.
Craniorachischisis and
encephalocoele have the highest rate of syndromic association, anencephaly and high spina bifida have intermediate rates, and caudal spina bifida has the lowest rate [145].
Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and acquired anterior basal
encephalocoele in a patient with colloid cyst of the third ventricle Neurol India 2010; 58: 156-8.
All patients with diagnoses of NTD, spina bifida, meningomyelocoele, meningocoele, anencephaly or
encephalocoele, in themselves or in a family member, together with those who had such a diagnosis in a fetus, were included in this study.
Extraoccipital
encephalocoele may protrude through defects in other portions of the cranial vault.
Two had hypertelorism; one associated with frontonasal
encephalocoele; one with plagiocephaly, one had Scaphocephaly and one with microcephaly.
MRI is also able to depict the contents of any associated
encephalocoele. Subtle encephalomalacia as seen in our patient is often present at the site of the leak.2 MRI was sufficient to allow accurate pre-operative assessment in our patient.
Stage (Gest.) age Development Dorsal induction 5-6 wks Closure of neural tube Ventral induction 7-12 wks Formation of brain segments and face Migration and 12-24 wks Migration of neurons from histiogenesis periventricular germinal matrix to cortex; cortical organisation Myelination 24 wks-3 Myelination yrs Stage Anomalies Dorsal induction Anencephaly,
encephalocoele, Chiari malformation, spina bifida Ventral induction Holoprosencephaly, corpus callosum agenesis, vermian agenesis, facial abnormalities Migration and Gray matter heterotopias (e.g.
Niquisha was born in January with occipital
encephalocoele - a type of spina bifida - which resulted in part of her brain forming a large swelling at the back of her head.