aprotinin

[ap″ro-ti´nin]

an inhibitor of proteolytic enzymes, used as an antihemorrhagic to reduce perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass during coronary artery bypass graft; administered intravenously.

aprotinin

(ā-prōt′n-ĭn, ă-prōt′-)

A polypeptide obtained from bovine lungs that is a protease inhibitor and has been used to reduce bleeding in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. It was largely withdrawn from the market in 2007 because of safety concerns.

aprotinin

A bovine polypeptide and protease inhibitor with antifibrinolytic activity that derives from basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI), which was added to fibrinogen in “fibrin glue”, theoretically enhancing the persistence of the fibrin clot.

It was pulled from the international market in 2007, given the concern that aprotinin increased the risk of complications and death during surgery. In 2012 the European Medicines Agency concluded that the benefits outweighed the risks, and recommended the suspension be lifted.

aprotinin

A drug used in the treatment of bleeding resulting from the excessive breakdown of the fibrin that forms blood clots. An antifibrinolytic. A brand name is Trasylol. In September 2006 the FDA issued a warning that this drug could cause renal failure, congestive heart failure, stroke and death.

Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M. Youngson 2004, 2005

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References in periodicals archive

A number of different strategies, including new CPB circuits and components, surgical techniques, and some pharmacologic agents such as glucocorticoids, complement inhibitors and aprotinin have been employed in attempt to minimize the impact of SIRS on CPB (1,10,12,16).

The effects of intra-operative amiodarone loading on the systemic inflammatory response syndrome induced by cardiopulmonary bypass/Kardiyopulmoner baypasin indukledigi sistemik inflamatuvar yanit sendromunda intraoperatif amiodaron yuklemesinin etkisi

The CCm-Tf-degrading activity in the samples from IPF patients was not altered by incubation on the CCm-Tf film coated with a mixture of aprotinin and elastinal (serine proteinase inhibitors) (Figure 5, B), but it was completely abolished in the film coated with a mixture of the serine proteinase inhibitors and 1,10-phenanthroline (a metalloproteinase inhibitor) (Figure 5, C).

Production and activation of matrix metalloproteinase 7 (matrilysin 1) in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Mangano DT, Tudor IC, Dietzel C et al 2006 The risk associated with aprotinin in cardiac surgery New England Journal of Medicine 354 353-365

Blood conservation in cardiac surgery

Inhibitors of serine proteases like SBTI and aprotinin strongly inhibited the activity of all enzymes, as did the trypsin inhibitor TLCK (Table 2).

Lobster (Panulirus argus) hepatopancreatic trypsin isoforms and their digestion efficiency

High-dosage aprotinin (Trasylol) therapy--is it safe for the kidney?

The FDA's most heinous drug approval

Successful management of tendinopathy with injections of the MMP-inhibitor aprotinin. Clin Orthop Relat Res.

Achilles tendinopathy in dancers

Solak, "The cerebroprotective effects of pentoxifylline and aprotinin during cardiopulmonary bypass in dogs," Perfusion, vol.

Plasmin activation of glial cells through protease-activated receptor 1

Aprotinin modulation of platelet activation in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass operations.

Abnormal post-operative bleeding in patients with congenital heart diseases undergoing open heart surgery

Many strategies have been proposed for reducing intraoperative bleeding including the maintenance of a CVP [less than or equal to] 5 cm of water, reverse Trendelenburg position, systemic infusion of nitroglycerin, and the use of antifibrinolytics agents, recombinant factor Vila, or aprotinin [7-9].

Liver transplantation without perioperative transfusions single-center experience showing better early outcome and shorter hospital stay

coli 116,000 Phosphorylase b from rabbit muslce 97,000 Albumin, bovine serum 66,000 Glutamic dehydrogenase from bovine liver 55,000 Ovalbumin from chicken egg 45,000 Glyceraldhyde-3-phosphate- dehydrogenises 36,000 Low range makers Molecular weights (Daltons) Carbonic anhydrase from bovine erythrocytes 29,000 Trypsinogen from bovine erythrocytes 24,000 Trypsin inhibitor from soyabean 20,000 [alpha]-Lactalbumin from bovine milk 14,200 Aprotinin from bovine lung 6,5000 Table 2: Molecular weights of the L.

Biochemical characterization of three varieties of Lablab purpureus (lablab beans) seed proteins