Medical

acute phase reaction

a·cute phase re·ac·tion

to the changes in synthesis of certain proteins within the serum during an inflammatory response; this response provides rapid protection for the host against microorganisms through nonspecific defense mechanisms.
Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

Acute Phase Response

A constellation of nonspecific host responses to cytokines* released in response to tissue injury, infection, inflammation and rarely malignancy—e.g., Hodgkin lymphoma, renal cell carcinoma—which causes functional liver changes—increased synthesis of acute phase proteins (endocrine system), abnormal glucose tolerance, increased gluconeogenesis, thyroid dysfunction, altered lipid metabolism (immune system), left shift leukocytosis, hypergammaglobulinaemia (metabolic system), decreased albumin synthesis, energy consumption, increased ceruloplasmin, reduced iron and zinc levels, and CNS (lethargy); the most measured molecule in the response is the highly nonspecific CRP, which may increase 10- to 1000-fold within hours from a normal level of 100 µg/L.
*Biological response modifiers—e.g., IL-1alpha, IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta-1, and interferons; intercellular communication is mediated by either direct cell-to-cell contact, or by soluble signalling molecules including hormones, eicosanoids, neurotransmitters, and to cytokines, which may play the most central role in inducing the APR; other molecules involved in the APR include corticosteroids, insulin, thrombin, histamine, and others; screening tests for the APR include erythrocyte sedimentation rate, plasma viscosity, and zeta sedimentation ratio.
Segen's Medical Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc. All rights reserved.

a·cute phase re·ac·tion

(ă-kyūt' fāz rē-ak'shŭn)
Refers to the changes in synthesis on certain proteins within the serum during an inflammatory response; this response provides rapid protection for the host against microorganisms via nonspecific defense mechanisms.
Synonym(s): acute phase response.
Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012
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References in periodicals archive
These free radicals cause oxidative stress which promotes a systemic acute phase reaction. This reaction increases inflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, blood cell count, whole blood viscosity, and roulaux formation and eventually leads to rise in ESR values.
Predominant blue granules were observed in 12 h sections after onset of acute phase reaction while less iron deposits were observed at 24h time point (magnification = 100x).
This rising group in the acute phase reaction could be due to the dialysis procedure alone.
An acute phase reaction is a side effect of intravenous bisphosphonate use.
To avoid the possible transformation of his acute phase reaction to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we showed him the basic methods of desensitization and relaxation training.
The principal action of bisphosphonates is inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption, but the potent nitrogen-containing aminobisphosphonates such as zoledronic acid, alendronate, pamidronate, rise-dronate, and ibandronate also have proinflammatory effects, with an acute phase reaction characterized by fever and flulike symptoms occurring following a first treatment with these drugs in more than one-third of patients (Clin.
Determination of serum acute phase reaction protein in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome.
High prevalence of elevated factor VIII levels in patients referred for thrombophilia screening: role of increased synthesis and relationship to the acute phase reaction. Thromb Haemost 77:825-828, 1997.
There are controversial on the capacity of exercise to promote an acute phase reaction. FALLON et al.
Signs and symptoms of an acute phase reaction occurred in some patients in the first 3 days after the zoledronic acid infusion.
In the trial, signs and symptoms of an acute phase reaction occurred in some patients in the first 3 days following the zoledronic acid infusion.
To examine the relationship between acute phase reaction and total transcobalamin, we analyzed plasma samples from 59 patients with various concentrations of C-reactive protein (reference interval, <40 nmol/ L).
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