The authors consolidated their findings into four broad categories of concerns: limited activities when motor function is diminished because of the
AVF, even without compression of the arm; concerns about physical appearance; activities with the capacity to compress or obstruct blood flow, fearing concern for
AVF obstruction; and findings having to do with altered sensation.
Kakaei et al studied the results of Brachiobasilic
AVF relocation in 27 patients.
"If there is a clinical concern about
AVF maturation after surgery, a six-week ultrasound can help the clinician assess the likelihood of
AVF maturation," Robbin said in a statement.
Willingly sacrificing comfort to address community-afflicting problems that normal institutions have failed to solve, the
AVF conveys motivations that harmonize with repeated and reinforced narratives of superheroism.
Forty-four patients without
AVF thrombosis (26 females and 18 males) and 37 patients with
AVF thrombosis (14 females and 23 males) were enrolled in this study.
Out of the total number of
AVF, 65 belonged to the retrospective group and 53 belonged to the prospective group.
A complication of
AVFs and AVGs is significant stenosis (>50% of the lumen) or obstruction and is usually restored with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) or surgical intervention [4].
These three problems occur commonly together and while a cause and effect are not clearly defined, we are concerned that the high flows diagnosed in upper arm
AVF contribute to pulmonary hypertension and high output heart failure and ultimately contribute to CAS.
Patients were included in the study if they were over 18 years of age and had begun haemodialysis with an
AVF during the 16-month time periods (Period 1: November 2012 -- February 2014 and Period 2: June 2015 -- September 2016).
He was on hemodialysis and had a radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (
AVF) on his left arm.
Patients with end-stage renal disease rely on hemodialysis, which requires a vascular access providing high blood flow rates preferably achieved through an
AVF conduit [1].