The African American community's experiences with the Tuskeegee study and the sexual-orientation minority community's (lesbian, gay male, bisexual, and transgender) experiences with forced interventions such as castration, confinement in institutions, and aversion therapy re-enforce distrust in these communities and result in reluctance to cooperate with government and medical institutions (Benedek, 1978; Katz, 1994).
The 'Tuskeegee Study' of syphilis: Analysis of moral versus methodologic aspects.