World Health Organization 2016 Classification of Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors of the Testis (a) Sex cord-stromal tumors Pure tumors Leydig cell tumor Malignant Leydig cell tumor Sertoli cell tumor Malignant Sertoli cell tumor Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor Intratubular large cell hyalinizing Sertoli cell neoplasia Granulosa cell tumor Adult granulosa cell tumor Juvenile granulosa cell tumor Tumors in the fibroma-thecoma group Mixed and unclassified sex cord-stromal tumors Mixed sex cord-stromal tumor Unclassified sex cord-stromal tumor (a) Reproduced with permission from Moch H, Humphrey PA, Ulbright TM, Reuter VE.
Nuclear localization of beta-catenin in Sertoli cell tumors and other sex cord-stromal tumors of the testis: an immunohistochemical study of 87 cases.
Feminizing Sertoli cell tumor associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.
Feminizing Sertoli cell tumor associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: an increasingly recognized cause of prepubertal gynecomastia.
C, SCTAT from patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome merging with solid pattern of Sertoli cell tumor. D, SCTAT with calcification in patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.
In "Morris and Scully," Sertoli cell tumors are considered in the section on Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors and do not get their own separate heading.
In the
Sertoli cell tumors expressing neuroendocrine markers and showing morphologic overlap with carcinoid tumor, ER and PR positivity favors Sertoli-stromal cell tumor.
(125) Most Leydig cell tumors, but only a minority of
Sertoli cell tumors, are positive for [alpha]-inhibin and calretinin.
(5) Rare tumors have also been attributed to Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, including testicular sex cord and
Sertoli cell tumors, leading to sexual precocity and gynecomastia, ovarian sex cord tumors with annular tubules, and adenoma malignum of the cervix.
In Carney complex, patients develop upper GI schwannomas or psammomatous melanotic schwannomas in addition to lentigines, nevi, myxomas, pituitary adenomas, large cell calcifying
Sertoli cell tumors, and follicular thyroid lesions.
In particular, they summarize key diagnostic features and useful ancillary tools for the most frequently encountered problems in testicular tumor pathology, including the differential diagnoses between seminoma and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors, germ cell tumors and nongerm cell tumors, intratubular germ cell neoplasia and atypical germ cells with maturation arrest, pseudovascular invasion and real lymphovascular invasion in germ cell tumors, and macroscopic Sertoli cell nodules and
Sertoli cell tumors. In almost all cases, awareness of the differential diagnostic possibilities, based on routine light microscopic features, permits application of either additional, directed observations or immunohistochemical studies that lead to an accurate diagnosis.