([5]) This may be due to glucose dysregulation, ([4]) accumulation of
senile plaques, metabolic oxidation products associated with hyperglycemia, insufficient action or effect of insulin due to insufficient secretion, activity, or both, ([5]) neuronal damage as a result of advanced glycosylated end product production and oxidative stress, damage to vascular endothelium as a result of high osmotic stress induced by hyperglycemia which disrupts the blood-brain barrier causing local leakage of vascular substances and aggravates neuronal damage.
DSCAM immunoreactivity has been found in the core of
senile plaques and in surrounding synapses, suggesting some role for DSCAM in plaque formation (16).
Enhanced oxidative stress leads to deposition of
senile plaque and synaptic loss that result in neurodegeneration.
(1979) Dementia Parkinsonism syndrome with numerous Lewy bodies and
senile plaques in cerebral cortex.
Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia in the world, it is a progressive dementia characterized by the deposition of [beta]-amyloid (A[beta]), found in large extracellular structures known as
senile plaques (SPs), which are thought to induce toxicity through affecting the stability of the cell membrane therefore reducing synaptic transmission [28] and impairing synaptic plasticity [29].
A double-labeling immunohistochemical study of
senile plaques," The American Journal of Pathology, vol.
Another paper entitled "Confocal observation of
senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease:
senile plaque morphology and relationship between
senile plaques and astrocytes" was published by Kato et al.
The sources of A[beta] accumulated in
senile plaques are known to be multiple.
Grimm said studies have already shown that cholesterol promotes the formation of so-called
senile plaques. These plaques, which are composed of proteins, particularly beta-amyloid proteins, deposit at nerve cells within the brain and are regarded as one of the main causes of Alzheimer's disease.