In the cell cycle signaling pathway, we noted alteration in the expression Ccna2 Stag2, Atr, Smc1a and
Rbl1 .
Endochondral Actin Focal TGF[beta] MAPK ossification cytoskeleton adhesion signaling signaling FGF2 FGF1 ITGA6 UCHL5 STMN1 TGFB2 FGF2 STYK1 CDC2 DUSP1 PLAT FGF5 CAV1 SMURF2 TRAF2 CALM1 FGF22 CAV2 NEDD9 BDNF ADAMTS1 KRAS CAV3 STAMBPL1 MAP3K5 OPG NRAS LAMC2 CCNB2 ACVR1C C11orf13 THBS1
RBL1 KRAS F2R PXN MAPK8 TGFB2 CRK RHOB PARD6A NRAS PAK1 PDPK1 CAV1 PPP5C ARHGEF7 MYLK2 TFDP1 PAK1 VIL2 PAK1 KLF6 CRK PXN MAPK8 FST MAPK8 BCL2 SERPINE1 CCND3 THBS1 CRK NOG HRAS Table 3: Genes involved in adipogenesis-related pathways that are upregulated in CYD-treated hMSCs.
There was significant correlation between CDK2 and RBL1 as well as MAX and MYC, although it was higher for the former ([r.sup.2] = 0.84 vs 0.58, respectively) (see online Supplemental Tab 6, C and D).
The probe-based assays targeting CDK2 and RBL1 recorded similar patterns, with the Cqs recorded for both targets lower in C71A (see online Supplemental Tab 13).
Using reverse transcription--(RT-) PCR arrays, they showed that human bone marrow MSC-derived EVs contain mRNAs involved in transcription (e.g., CLOCK, IRF6, and LHX6), immune regulation (e.g., CRLF1, IL1RN, and MT1X), cell cycle regulation (e.g., SENP2,
RBL1, and CDC14B), DNA/RNA binding (e.g., HMGN4, TOPORS, and ESF1), actin cytoskeleton regulation (e.g., DDN, MSN, and CTNNA1), and extracellular matrix remodeling (e.g., COL4A2, IBSP) as well as cell differentiation into neuron (e.g., RAX2, OR11H12), bone (e.g., NIN, BMP15), endothelium/epithelium (e.g., MAGED2, CEACAM5), and hematopoietin (e.g., HK3, EPX).
It was demonstrated that the mRNAs present in EVs are associated with the mesenchymal phenotype and with several cell functions related to the control of cell differentiation (RAX2, OR11H12, OR2M3, DDN, and GRIN3A), transcription (CLOCK, IRF6, RAX2, TCFP2, and BCL6B), proliferation (SENP2,
RBL1, CDC14B, and S100A13), cytoskeleton (DDN, MSN, and CTNNA1), metabolism (ADAM15, FUT3, ADM2, LTA4H, BDH2, and RAB5A) [47], and cell immune regulation (CRLF1, IL1RN, and MT1X) (Table 2).