Periodontitis, an oral disease which leads to alveolar bone loss, can be mediated by some of the endogenous host enzymes, as well as bacterial proteinases present in the periodontal pocket (e.g., neutrophil serine
proteinase 3), mast cell tryptase, and gingipain from Porphyromonas gingivalis.
The antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) class of immunoglobulins features the principal subtypes c-ANCA and p-ANCA, which are predominantly generated against the cytosolic antigens
proteinase 3 (PR3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), respectively [1].
The proteolytic activities of specific group of proteases in normo-, micro- and macroalbuminuric HFDa fractions were assayed using 0.1 mM glycyl-prolyl-p-nitroanilide (GP-pNA) and 0.25 mM N-benzoyl-proline-phenylalanine-arginine-p-nitroanilide (Be-PFR-pNA), N-methoxysuccinyl-alanine-alanine-proline-valine-p-nitroanilide (Me-AAPV-pNA), and succinyl-alanine-alanine-proline-phenylalanine p-nitroanilide (Suc-AAPFpNA) chromogenic substrate of chromogenic substrates to establish activity of DPP IV, Kallikreins,
proteinase 3, and cathepsins, respectively [23, 33-35].
Tannich, "A gene highly homologous to ACP1 encoding cysteine
proteinase 3 in Entamoeba histolytica is present and expressed in E.
Many studies showed that combining
proteinase 3 (PR3) and C-ANCA results(C-ANCA/PR3) increases specificity and Positive Predictive Value close to 100%, but reduces sensitivity close to 70%.
The immunizing peptide was derived from
proteinase 3, a protein that is overexpressed on the surface of leukemia cells in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).
Anderson Cancer Center in Houston and his colleagues fashioned the cancer vaccine from a piece of
proteinase 3, a compound overproduced by malignant blood cells in leukemia patients.
Sinico, "Antineutrophil antibodies with specificity for
Proteinase 3," in Autoantibodies, Y.