Pramlintide, the synthetic analogue of amylin: physiology, pathophysiology, and effects on glycemic control, body weight, and selected biomarkers of vascular risk.
The number of glucose-lowering drug classes has increased markedly over the past two decades.1 The list includes 'traditional' drugs such as sulfonylureas and metformin, 'newer' drugs like dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4I) and sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2I), and injectables, e.g., glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) and
pramlintide.
Amylin replacement with
Pramlintide in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: A physiological approach to overcome a barrier with insulin therapy.
Results in dinner) than 3 years is decreased appetite, undetermined (32) less energy storage) Zonisamide Partial seizures [down arrow] 3.3 kg (anticonvulsant) (400 mg/d) greater than diet and lifestyle intervention; safety and efficacy beyond 1 year is undetermined (33)
Pramlintide Types 1 and 2 [down arrow] 2.27 kg (synthetic human diabetes mellitus in first year; safety amylin analogue) (120 to 360 meg, and efficacy twice or 3 times beyond 1 year is a day (34)) undetermined (34) Drug (mechanism Adverse of action) effects Comments Metformin Risk Weight loss is (biguanide of lactic modest antihyperglycemic) acidosis Exenatide (GLP-1 Nausea Requires injection receptor agonist; twice daily.
Liraglutide (Victoza[R]) Dulaglutide (Truliclty[R]) Amlyn analogue
Pramlintide Slows digestion which (Symlin[R]) slows release of glucose into bloodstream.
Other, less commonly used drugs for T2DM include
pramlintide (Symlin[R], not licensed in Europe for T2DM), colesevelam (Welchol[R]), and bromocriptine (Parlodel[R]).
Pramlintide Leptin is a hormone produced by adipocytes and early studies linked leptin deficiency in mice to massive obesity.
suspension), Myalept (metreleptin) and Symlin (
pramlintide acetate).
"In obese patients with [type 2 diabetes] requiring insulin therapy, we suggest adding at least one of the following: metformin,
pramlintide (Symlin), or GLP-1 (glucagonlike peptide-1 receptor) agonists to mitigate associated weight gain due to insulin," they noted.
(16) A synthetic form of amylin,
Pramlintide is used along with insulin and glucagon to also maintain blood glucose levels.
Washington, March 25 ( ANI ): While conducting an experimental model, researchers found that
pramlintide, a diabetic drug, helps in reducing amyloid-beta peptides, a major element of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the brain.