Primary respiratory tract infection and infections or disruption of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract mucosa could lead to invasion and secondary infection with Gemella species as they are
normal flora of these tracts.
However, the
normal flora in apparently healthy camels can be altered by several factors such as bad sanitation, stress due to transportation, sudden change in feed, low herd health status, and immunosuppression.
Normal flora are "good" bacteria and are beneficial to the environment and all living species.
This could indicate that, in the cases where disease was present, the
normal flora became opportunistic pathogens.
The results showed that the oropharyngeal flora remains same harbouring only the
normal flora indicating that ENT infections in most of the cases are due to either viral or fungal aetiology.
The modes of acquiring fungal infection involves: (1)primary fungal infection via either inhalation of spores, traumatic implantation or overgrowth of
normal flora, (2) fungal toxins, and (3) allergic response and affects the level of involvement of the infection3.
epidermidis, a
normal flora of healthy human skin and mucosal microbial communities has emerged as a common cause of nosocomial infections, mostly occurring in immunocompromised hosts.
Normal flora was the maximum finding in two groups and Streptococcus pyogenes was the second highest in frequency in both sides.
We attribute the infection of this area to inoculation of the vocal fold with the
normal flora of the aerodigestive tract.
The sensitivity was only 88% and it had a high rate of false positives, with
normal flora difficult to distinguish from GBS.
The primary pathogen of superficial pyoderma cases involves Staphylococcus intermedius, a member of the
normal flora in most dogs (Noble and Kent, 1992; Hill and Moriello, 1994; Ihrke, 1996; Scott et al., 1998).
israelii, a gram-positive, anaerobic bacilli, and is considered part of the
normal flora of the gastrointestinal tract in humans.[sup.3,4] Overall, infection of the genitourinary system is rare, with only a few reported cases.[sup.2,5,6]