Thus, individuals that do not express such genotype tend to develop mydriasis when treated with tramadol; while the ones that express CYP2D6,
miosis was observed (PEREZ et al., 2016).
The pretreatment with femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) platforms during cataract surgery has been associated with pupillary
miosis [4-6]; the latter has been attributed to the increase of inflammatory mediator (prostaglandins) concentration in the anterior chamber (AC) after FLACS [7, 8].
Se evalua la forma de las pupilas, que sean redondas, que se encuentren simetricas y el grado de
miosis (contraccion) o midriasis (dilatacion) en el que se encuentren, y para esto se considera que el tamano pupilar en condiciones normales es de 3 mm.
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) usually mediates pupillary dilation (mydriasis), while the parasympathetic nervous system, via the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III) and its modulatory effect over the ciliary autonomic ganglion, mediates pupillary constriction (
miosis) [20, 21].
Spasm of the near reflex is a disorder characterised by intermittent episodes of convergence,
miosis and accommodation.
With ocular exposure, the onset of lacrimation, irritation, pruritis, burning, blepharospasm, and possible
miosis occurs within 4 to 12 hours.
Ocular effects of prostaglandins include increased or decreased intraocular pressure (IOP), local vasodilation and increased permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier and
miosis. 3
Muscarinic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, salivation, urination, stool incontinence, lacrimation,
miosis, and bradycardia and nicotinic signs such as mascular weakness, fasciculation, paralysis, convulsion, and coma are found.
Characteristics of Horner's Syndrome or sympathetic blockage include ptosis,
miosis, anhidrosis, and a slight increase in body temperature (Lipov et al., 2013) and nasal congestion (Gutierrez, 2015).The complication rate of SGB is 1.7 per 1,000 procedures, indicating high safety with low complications (Kime, 2014).
The product is intended for use in cataract surgery and lens replacement procedures to maintain mydriasis (pupil dilation), prevent
miosis (pupil constriction), and to decrease postoperative eye pain.