Long-distance dispersal events can be essential for the persistence of highly isolated populations because they provide genetic connectivity and can serve as mechanisms for recolonization following
local extinctions, but they are rare due to the high risks incurred by dispersing individuals (Lowe, 2010).
Santa Cruz Island is the southernmost region for bishop pine forests and important nesting habitat for bald eagles, which were returned to the islands in 2002, following a 50-year
local extinction due to DDT pesticides polluting the pelagic food web.
Although
local extinction events are undoubtedly instantaneous phenomena, the proximity to LBO has routinely been assessed, for preliminary as well as practical studies, through time-averaged criteria, for example, Damkholer numbers, and so forth.
The mainland population is large enough to resist
local extinction effectively, and supplies smaller, more extinction-prone island populations with colonists.
The third hypothesis, traits remixing, emphasizes how genetic processes such as mutation, drift, migration and
local extinction contribute to geographic mosaic dynamics, altering the spatial distribution of the coevolutionary alleles and traits.
Gentiana kurroo Royle, a Critically Endangered (CR) medicinal plant species, endemic to the northwestern Himalayas, is fast heading towards
local extinction in the Kashmir Himalaya.
This information will be critical if we are to save the Nassau grouper populations from
local extinction, as has already occurred on some Caribbean islands.
We suggest that rats, and not human predation, were responsible for the early
local extinction of the chicken in the prehistoric sequence for Mangareva.
Three species found by the previous survey were not found in the present survey, possibly because of
local extinction. However, it is unlikely that the present survey is comprehensive, and more species almost certainly remain to be found on Garden island.
As such, regular fires cause
local extinction of this frog.
Levins (1970) assumed that colonization and
local extinction were uncorrelated among patches, habitat quality of patches remained constant, colonization of all empty patches was equally likely, and local population dynamics were ignored (Levins 1970).
We then compare and contrast species traits (body size, trophic group, rarity, and population variability) across many species within the same assemblage and relate these to trends in population density and probability of
local extinction from tropical forest fragments.