Sareum is advancing internal programmes focused on distinct dual tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) / Janus kinase 1 (
JAK1) inhibitors through preclinical development as therapies for autoimmune diseases (SDC-1801) and cancers (SDC-1802).
Tofacitinib inhibition was exerted specifically on
JAK1 and JAK2, but not on TYK2, and, as consequence, IFN-[gamma] and IL-22 receptor phosphorylation, as well as the proximal cytokine signaling leading to STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation, were impaired.
[9] The drug acts by inhibiting
JAK1 and JAK2 that leads to immunosuppression.
Jak1 plays an essential role for receptor phosphorylation and Stat activation in response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.
Although cytokine receptors lack intrinsic kinase activity, they are constitutively associated with members of JAK family of protein tyrosine kinases, which include
JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2).
GLPG0634 is an orally available, novel Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor with selectivity for
JAK1 developed by Galapagos.
In the present research, we studied the anticancer mechanism of AST, including the changes in cell ultrastructure, such as the mitochondrion, rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), Golgi complex, and cytoskeleton, the inhibition of Janus kinase 1(
JAK1)/transduction and the activators of the transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling pathway using rat hepatocellular carcinoma CBRH-7919 cells.
All IFN[alpha]s and IFN[beta] bind to the same receptor and as a result, the cytoplasmic kinases
JAK1 and TYK2 become activated and phosphorylate the STAT1 and STAT2 molecules.
There are four known JAK enzymes:
JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and TYK2.
Ruxolitinib (INCB018424), a topical
JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, is under study for treatment of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.