La etiologia de la habronemiasis consiste en una infeccion parasitaria por especies de nematodos Habronema microstoma, Habronema muscae y Draschia megastoma, pertenecientes a la familia Habronematidae, Ordem: Spiruroidea [15].
Dependiendo de la especie del nematodo, la primera fase larval (L1) invade la grasa corporal (Habronema spp) o tubos de Malpighi (D.
El ciclo de vida de Habronema spp se cierra cuando sus larvas se depositan alrededor de la boca de los equinos, el cual al tragar saliva las ingiere, y asi evolucionaran a adultos en el estomago del hospedador, causando habronemosis gastrica [7, 15, 28], pudiendo o no invadir las glandulas gastricas, ocasionando una irritacion de la mucosa gastrica, gastritis, ulcera gastrica y colico [13, 22], mientras que D.
Gastritis and gastric perforation due to
habronema spp.
Note: There are 651 total entries for different diseases/conditions in 450 animals indicating that 44.7% of animals had more than one disease/condition [Gasterophilus nasalis (stomach), Habronema muscae (intestine), Setaria equina (liver), Cyathostomum catinatum (intestine), Cylococyclus nassatus (intestine) were recovered in autopsy of equines]
Prevalence of stomach nematodes (Habronema spp, Draschia megastoma and Trichostrongylus axei) in horses examined post mortem in Normandy.
Habronema musca,
Habronema majus and Draschia microstoma species of equids) (Giangaspero et al., 2005; Traversa et al., 2007) cause granulamotous reaction which needs to be differentiated from pyogranulomas (Kahn and Line, 2005).
Habronema eggs, which pass with the horse's feces, are eaten by fly maggots and mature with the fly as it becomes an adult.
This also is caused by species of Habronema, but is due to the larvae that the intermediate host deposits in existing wounds in the skin.
Meana y Rojo [35] expresan que las larvas de
Habronema spp.