Ginkgolide B and bilobalide ameliorate neural cell apoptosis in a-synuclein aggregates.
There are also alternative solutions such as lifestyle modification as a novel therapeutic program [61], phytochemical
ginkgolide [62], berberine from barberry [63], synthesized curcumin derivatives [64], and Resveratrol [65].
PAF receptor antagonist
ginkgolide B inhibits tumorigenesis and angiogenesis in colitis-associated cancer [30].
Effect of
ginkgolide B on striatal extracellular amino acids in middle cerebral artery occluded rats.
Protective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) and its constituents quercetin and
ginkgolide B against beta-amyloid peptide-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells.
Fang, "Pharmacological action and mechanisms of
ginkgolide B," Chinese Medical Journal, vol.
Bilobalide,
ginkgolide A,
ginkgolide B, and terpenes are thought to be the major active compounds in GBE that improve memory (Shah et al., 2011).
The terpenoids fraction consist of unique group of diterpenes (
ginkgolide A, B, C, J and M) and sesquiterpene bilobalida (Smith and Luo, 2003; Malas and Yildiz, 2012).
GbE contained flavone glycosides (26.12%), terpenoids (6.86%),
ginkgolide A (2.20%),
ginkgolide B (1.11%),
ginkgolide C (1.05%), and bilobalide (2.50%).
(6.) "Neuroprotective Effect of
Ginkgolide K against H2O2-Induced PC12 Cell Cytotoxicity by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress," Ma et al, Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin Vol.