EGD; endoscopic examination of the interior of the esophagus, stomach, and initial portion of the duodenum. The procedure usually is done for diagnostic purposes and permits removal of samples of tissue for further study. In some cases the procedure is done to locate and remove a foreign object that has become lodged in the esophagus.
Patient Care. Prior to the procedure, foods and liquids are withheld to facilitate inspection of the mucosa and prevent vomiting and aspiration. A local anesthetic may be used to ease discomfort. Although there should be no severe pain associated with the examination, it can be uncomfortable and sometimes exhausting for the patient. Since there may be some allergic reaction to the anesthetic, the patient is observed for dyspnea, excitement, dizziness, or headache. An emergency tray containing epinephrine and other drugs for treatment of anaphylaxis should be readily available.ƒ
Following any endoscopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract the patient is watched for signs of excessive bleeding and perforation. If a local anesthetic has been used, foods and liquids are withheld until normal reflex action returns and there is no danger of aspiration. Hoarseness and a mild sore throat may persist for a few days after the examination.