This is because the influence of Doppler Effect is getting stronger with the increasing bandwidth which is the Delay Spread: Frequency Selective Fading and
Doppler Shift. Based on the calculation, the higher the bandwidth, the stronger the Doppler Spread: Frequency Selective Fading and the
Doppler Shift.
The relative
Doppler shift A is defined as a ratio of source relative velocity to propagation wave velocity.
Learning from the figure, when the user terminal seeing the satellite rising from ground level, We can obtain the maximum positive
Doppler shift. When the satellite ground station directly above, the
Doppler shift is zero; when the satellite from the ground disappeared, the
Doppler shift is the maximum negative
Doppler shift.
where [f.sub.d] is the maximum
Doppler shift due to mobile sources, [[phi].sub.p] is the phase shift due to the reflection coefficient of scatterers, and [[alpha].sub.p] is defined similarly as in (1).
Modulation order M 8 Fading sequence length (N) 180019 [[phi].sub.n], [[theta].sub.n] Uniformly distributed random variables [[phi].sub.n] = [[theta].sub.n] = 2 x pi x rand (1, N) - pi;
Doppler shift 0,10,100 Hz SNR 0-35 dB TABLE 3: Sound signals used in generating the training set of the classifier.
to analyze the autocorrelation coefficient of the amplitude and field strength distribution [13-15], and some analytical formulas for
Doppler shift and bandwidth of radar echoes backscattered from time-varying sea surface are derived by Wang et al.
The device measures a
Doppler shift when movement beneath the probe is detected.
Doppler shift [f.sub.Dpp] and bandwidth [delta][f.sub.pq] are generally considered as the first- and the second-order moments of Doppler spectrum and weighted by scattering power [22, 26].
Higher frequencies are impacted more by
Doppler shift than are lower frequencies; thus, signals can suffer significant spectral compression when platforms are traveling at velocities common to space missions.
In this case the correlation coefficient could be calculated as cross-correlation of the measured and prerecorded signal spectrums in the possible
Doppler shift area
The frequency difference (
Doppler shift amount) of these two light components is detected on the surface of a photo detector by a phenomenon called optical beating (when two waves mix, the resulting sum of waveforms has a 'beat frequency' that is equal to the difference between the two original wave frequencies).