Specifically, among various brain cells, it regulates the expression of a number of genes involved in synaptic functions or brain development--brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), distal-less homeobox 5 (DLX5), inhibitor of differentiation (ID), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), cyclin-dependent kinase like 1 (
CDKL1), protocadherin beta 1 (PCDHB1), and protocadherin 7 (PCDH7) [45]--and regulates glutamatergic synapse formation in early postnatal development [46].
There are many proposed theories such as polymorphisms in PPAR2, IGF2BP2,
CDKL1 and CDKN2a in the quest to find a link between genetic factors and GDM.7 Many studies have linked T2DM with polymorphisms in KCNQ1 gene.16,11,13,19 but few with GDM.