Endochondral Actin Focal TGF[beta] MAPK ossification cytoskeleton adhesion signaling signaling FGF2 FGF1 ITGA6 UCHL5 STMN1 TGFB2 FGF2 STYK1 CDC2 DUSP1 PLAT FGF5 CAV1 SMURF2 TRAF2 CALM1 FGF22 CAV2 NEDD9 BDNF ADAMTS1 KRAS CAV3 STAMBPL1 MAP3K5 OPG NRAS LAMC2
CCNB2 ACVR1C C11orf13 THBS1 RBL1 KRAS F2R PXN MAPK8 TGFB2 CRK RHOB PARD6A NRAS PAK1 PDPK1 CAV1 PPP5C ARHGEF7 MYLK2 TFDP1 PAK1 VIL2 PAK1 KLF6 CRK PXN MAPK8 FST MAPK8 BCL2 SERPINE1 CCND3 THBS1 CRK NOG HRAS Table 3: Genes involved in adipogenesis-related pathways that are upregulated in CYD-treated hMSCs.
reported that top 10 hub genes were selected from the constructed PPI network of total 355 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified by microarray analysis of db/db mice, including
Ccnb2 and Nr1i2, which remained largely unclear in DKD.
E2 had a significant effect on the expression of genes associated with cell division (Top2a, Mki67, Ccnbl,
Ccnb2; Figure 5A) and cytokinesis (Kifll, Kf2c, Kif18a; Figure 5B).
HMGA proteins up-regulate
CCNB2 gene in mouse and human pituitary adenomas.
Gene ontology: biological Genes p-Value process terms Cell cycle CCNB1,
CCNB2, MNAT1, CDC2, 2.7 E-14 CDKN 1 A, CDKN3, CDKN2A, ANAPC1, CDK10 Cellular metabolism KRT15, KIF1B, ZNF697, 4.3E-13 PRG2, P2RY2,IMMP2L Growth factor and growth BMP-2, TCF[beta]1, VEGF, 1.2E-11 factor receptor activity BMP8B, CSF1, FCFR1, BMPR2, 1GF2R, PDCFB, TGFBR2, NRP1, CCR2 Biosynthetic process CEL, COL11A2, ACPP, MMP14, 1.8E-9 CACNB1, ALPL, CDH1, ITGA3, SERPINB10, TAF4B, ABCB10, IRF8 Cell proliferation ATF3, MK167, S100A6, FTH1, DHCR7 2.1E-8 Signal transduction MAP2K3, MAPK14, MAP3K10, BAMBI, NDRG2, ECM1, SMAD7 5.5E-7 Apoptosis MYC, P53AIP1, ZBTB16, BBC3, 1.3E-5 VHL, CASP3, APITD1 Table 5 KEGG pathway analysis.
As shown in Figure 6, the relative mRNA levels of Abcc3,
Ccnb2, Cyp27b1, Gc, Maob, and Nr1i2 in db/db mice were significantly higher, whereas the mRNA levels of Apoh, Cyp2j13, Esr-1, Cyp7b1, Hsd17b2, Slc7a13, Slco1a1, and Ugt2b37 were lower compared with those in db/m mice (all p < 0.05).
The PPI network consisting of induced genes (Figure 3(a)) contained a large cell cycle-related cluster with hubs and nodes related to S-phase (CCNB1 and
CCNB2, CCND3, CDC16, MCM3, MCM7, and CDC25) and chromosome separation (PLK1, ANAPC5, 7, CDC20, and TUBA1A).
A second response phase is characterized by a wave of mitosis and DNA synthesis, which occurs 16-24 hr after [E.sub.2] treatment and is correlated with the late-phase cell cycle regulators, including Aurkb (aurora kinase B) and
Ccnb2 (cyclin B2) (Hewitt et al.
Other upregulated genes were related to cell proliferation and its control, such as cyclin-dependent kinase gene CDK1/CDC2; cyclin genes CCNA2, CCNB1,
CCNB2, and CCNL2; the DLG7 component of the mitotic apparatus; the gene encoding the checkpoint kinase involved in response to DNA damage, CHEK1/CHK1; and BUB1 and MAD2L1, components of the spindle checkpoint.
proteoglycan 1, secretory granule (PRG1) and Cyclin B2 (
CCNB2).