were frequently nonsusceptible to azoles and echinocandins and were commonly associated with
breakthrough infections and high mortality rates.
"Despite
breakthrough infection still occurring, HBV-related complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in the next generation may be minimized as much as possible through a well-conducted surveillance and secondary preventive system with good antiviral therapies," they noted.
(24) Since 63% of infections were definite
breakthrough infections and the patients were severely ill we used combination therapy in most patients.
Despite the success of the adenovirus vaccine administered to US military trainees, acute respiratory disease (ARD) surveillance still detected
breakthrough infections (respiratory illnesses associated with the adenovirus serotypes specifically targeted by the vaccine).
Recombinant HBsAg that represents common mutants found in neonatal
breakthrough infections was tested with different immunoassay formats (Table 1).
A strong case exists for the implementation of a birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine in addition to the current schedule, as recommended by the WHO, to decrease the risk of perinatal transmission, prevent
breakthrough infections, and decrease HBsAg carriage in HIV-positive babies.
Asymptomatic infection characterized by the presence of anti-HBc in the absence of HBsAg viremia ("mild
breakthrough infections") have been documented in vaccinated individuals.
The increasing number of reports of sporadic
breakthrough infections in patients receiving echinocandin therapy is worrying, explained Dr.
(10) Data on posaconazole are emerging but
breakthrough infections in immunocompromised hosts have been reported.
In that population,
breakthrough infections occur in only about 0%-7% of individuals more than 20 years after vaccination, and most of those are asymptomatic.
Fifty-nine percent discontinued the therapy because IV access was no longer needed, 7% died from non IC-related causes, 2% transferred to other hospitals, 2% had
breakthrough infections, and 1% had transient elevation of liver transaminases, which resolved when FP was discontinued, Dr.