Induction of CHOP expression by amino acid limitation requires both ATF4 expression and
ATF2 phosphorylation.
DeRossi et al., "Suppressor role of activating transcription factor 2 (
ATF2) in skin cancer," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.
This work also reveals that the ratio of ATF2 to MITF in the nucleus of melanoma cells can predict survival in melanoma patients - relatively high amounts of ATF2 and correspondingly low MITF levels were associated with a poor prognosis.
disrupted the ATF2 gene in the melanocytes of mice harboring mutations often seen in human melanoma.
Once activated, the p38 MAPK pathway initiates the production of transcription factors including PAX6, p53, ATF1,
ATF2, and CREB and regulates the production of proinflammatory or apoptosis-associated genes [26, 27].
Activating transcription factor 2 (
ATF2) is a transcription factor of the leucine zipper family of DNA-binding proteins, discovered in 1991 by Ozawa et al.
In HUVEC, an increased nuclear translocation of some components of these transcription factors was observed (p65 and p50 for NF[kappa]B and c-jun, cfos, and
ATF2 for AP1) [100].