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emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate |
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emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate Truvada Pharmacologic class: Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitor combination Therapeutic class: Antiretroviral Pregnancy risk category B ActionInhibits activity of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase by competing with natural substrate and by its incorporation into nascent viral DNA, thereby halting viral replication. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate inhibits activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase by competing with the natural substrate deoxyadenosine 5′-triphosphate and by its incorporation into viral DNA, resulting in chain termination. AvailabilityTablets: 200 mg emtricitabine/300 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate ⊘Indications and dosages ➣ HIV-1 infection in adults Adults: 1 tablet P.O. daily Dosage adjustment• Renal impairment Contraindications• Hypersensitivity to drug or its components PrecautionsUse cautiously in: Administration• Give with or without food.
Adverse reactionsCNS: headache, insomnia, abnormal dreams, asthenia, dizziness, depressive disorder, neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy, peripheral neuritis, paresthesia CV: chest pain EENT: rhinitis GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, anorexia, dyspepsia, flatulence, pancreatitis GU: hematuria, glycosuria, proteinuria, proximal tubulopathy, renal insufficiency, acute tubular necrosis, renal failure, acute renal failure, Fanconi syndrome Hepatic: hepatotoxicity Metabolic: cushingoid appearance (buffalo hump, moon face), hypophosphatemia, lactic acidosis Musculoskeletal: arthralgia, myalgia, back pain Respiratory: dyspnea, increased cough, pneumonia Skin: sweating, rash, pruritus, urticaria, skin discoloration (hyperpigmentation of palms and soles) Other: weight loss, fever, allergic reaction, body fat redistribution InteractionsDrug-drug. Acyclovir, adefovir dipivoxil, cidofovir, ganciclovir, valacyclovir, valganciclovir: increased concentration of emtricitabine/tenofovir Atazanavir, lopinavir/ritonavir: increased tenofovir concentration Didanosine: increased didanosine concentration Drug-diagnostic tests. Alanine phosphatase, amylase, aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, creatine kinase, creatinine, lipase, urine and serum glucose: increased levels Neutrophils: decreased count Patient monitoring☞ Monitor patient closely (especially female or obese patient) for signs and symptoms of lactic acidosis and hepatotoxicity, even if patient doesn't have marked transaminase elevations. Patient teaching☞ Instruct patient not to change dosage or stop taking drug unless prescriber approves. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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