therapeutic index (redirected from Therapeutic margin)

index /in·dex/ (in´deks) pl. indexes, in´dices   [L.]

1. forefinger.

2. a unitless quantity, usually a ratio of two measurable quantities having the same dimensions, or such a ratio multiplied by 100.

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body mass index  (BMI) the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters, used in the assessment of underweight and obesity.

cardiac index  (CI) cardiac output per unit time divided by body surface area.

Colour Index  a publication of the Society of Dyers and Colourists and the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists containing an extensive list of dyes and dye intermediates. Each chemically distinct compound is identified by a specific number, the C.I. number, avoiding the confusion of trivial names used for dyes in the dye industry.

Index Medicus  a monthly publication of the National Library of Medicine in which the world's leading biomedical literature is indexed by author and subject.

mitotic index  the ratio of the number of cells in a population undergoing mitosis to the number not undergoing mitosis.

opsonic index  a measure of opsonic activity determined by the ratio of the number of microorganisms phagocytized by normal leukocytes in the presence of serum from an individual infected by the microorganism, to the number phagocytized in serum from a normal individual.

phagocytic index  the average number of bacteria ingested per leukocyte of the patient's blood.

Quetelet index  body mass i.

refractive index  the refractive power of a medium compared with that of air (assumed to be 1). Symbol n or n.

short increment sensitivity index  (SISI) a hearing test in which randomly spaced, 0.5-second tone bursts are superimposed at 1- to 5-decibel increments in intensity on a carrier tone having the same frequency and an intensity of 20 decibels above the speech recognition threshold.

therapeutic index  originally, the ratio of the maximum tolerated dose to the minimum curative dose; now defined as the ratio of the median lethal dose (LD50) to the median effective dose (ED50). It is used in assessing the safety of a drug.

vital index  the ratio of births to deaths within a given time in a population.

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therapeutic index

n.

The ratio between the toxic dose and the therapeutic dose of a drug, used as a measure of the relative safety of the drug for a particular treatment.

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therapeutic index (TI),

the difference between the minimum therapeutic and minimum toxic concentrations of a drug.

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index (pl. indexes, in´dices) (L.)

1. the numerical ratio of measurement of any part in comparison with a fixed standard.

2. forefinger.

Barthel index an objective, standardized tool for measuring functional status. The individual is scored in a number of areas depending upon independence of performance. Total scores range from 0 (complete dependence) to 100 (complete independence).

bleeding index any of various methods of assessing bleeding in the gingival sulcus before or after treatment.

body mass index (BMI) the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters, a measure of body fat that gives an indication of nutritional status.

cardiac index cardiac output corrected for body size.

cephalic index 100 times the maximum breadth of the skull divided by its maximum length.

citation index an index listing all publications appearing in a set of source publications (e.g., articles in a defined group of journals) that cite a given publication in their bibliographies.

Colour index a publication of the Society of Dyers and Colourists and the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists containing an extensive list of dyes and dye intermediates. Each chemically distinct compound is identified by a specific number, the C.I. number, avoiding the confusion of trivial names used for dyes in the dye industry.

erythrocyte indices the mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. These are all useful for evaluating anemias because they provide information on the size of the erythrocytes and the concentration of hemoglobin. Called also red cell or red blood cell indices.

glycemic index a ranking of foods based on the response of postprandial blood sugar levels as compared with a reference food, usually either white bread or glucose. See table.

left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) an index of the amount of work performed by the heart.

leukopenic index a fall of 1000 or more in the total leukocyte count within 1.5 hours after ingestion of a given food; it indicates allergic hypersensitivity to that food.

index Medicus a monthly publication of the national library of medicine in which the world's leading biomedical literature is indexed by author and subject.

opsonic index a measure of opsonic activity determined by the ratio of the number of microorganisms phagocytized by normal leukocytes in the presence of serum from an individual infected by the microorganism, to the number phagocytized in serum from a normal individual.

phagocytic index any arbitrary measure of the ability of neutrophils to ingest native or opsonized particles determined by various assays; it reflects either the average number of particles ingested or the rate at which particles are cleared from the blood or culture medium.

red blood cell indices (red cell indices) erythrocyte indices.

refractive index the refractive power of a medium compared with that of air (assumed to be 1).

short increment sensitivity index (SISI) a hearing test in which randomly spaced, 0.5-second tone bursts are superimposed at 1- to 5-decibel increments in intensity on a carrier tone having the same frequency and an intensity of 20 decibels above the speech recognition threshold.

therapeutic index originally, the ratio of the maximum tolerated dose to the minimum curative dose; now defined as the ratio of the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) to the median effective dose (ED₅₀). It is used in assessing the safety of a drug.

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index,

n 1. the ratio of a measurable value to another.
2. a core or mold used to record or maintain the relative position of a tooth or teeth to one another or to a cast. See also splint.

index, Broders's (Broders's classification),

n.pr 1. a system of grading of epidermoid carcinoma suggested by Broders. Tumors are graded from I to IV on the basis of cell differentiation. Grade I tumors are highly differentiated, with much keratin production; Grade IV tumors are poorly differentiated; the cells are highly anaplastic, with almost no keratin formation.
n 2. the classification and grading of malignant neoplasms according to the proportion of malignant cells to normal cells in the lesion.

index, cardiac,

n the minute volume of blood per square meter of body surface.

index, carpal,

n the degree of ossification of the carpal bones noted in radiographs of the wrist; a method of determining the state of skeletal maturation.

index, cephalic,

n head shape and size.

Index, Dean's Fluorosis

n.pr the most commonly used system for classifying dental fluorosis. Ratings are assigned based on the most severe fluorosis seen on two or more teeth.

index, DEF (decayed, extracted, filled),

n.pr a dental caries index applied to the primary dentition in somewhat the same manner as the DMF index is used for classifying permanent teeth. Missing primary teeth are ignored in this index because of the uncertainty in determining whether they were extracted because of advanced caries or exfoliated normally.

index, DMF (decayed, missing, filled),

n.pr a technique for managing statistically the number of decayed, missing, or filled teeth in the oral cavity. Analysis may be based on the average number of DMF teeth (sometimes called DMFT) per person or the average number of DMF tooth surfaces (DMFS).

index, facial height,

n the ratio of posterior facial height to anterior facial height.

index, gingiva and bone count (Dunning-Leach index),

n an index that permits differential recording of both gingival and bone conditions to determine gingivitis and bone loss.

index, gingival (GI),

n an assessment tool used to evaluate a case of gingivitis based on visual inspection of the gingivae that takes into consideration the color and firmness of gingival tissue along with the presence of blood during probing.

index, gingival bleeding (GBI),

n an assessment tool used to verify the presence of gingival inflammation based on any bleeding that occurs at the gingival margin during or immediately after flossing.

index, gnathic,

n the relationship of jaw size to head size.

index, icterus,

n See test, Meulengracht's.

index, malocclusion,

n a measure of the severity of a malocclusion, obtained by assigning values to a series of defined observations.

index, measuring,

n an expression of relationship of one measurable value to another, or a formula based on measurable values.

index, missing teeth,

n See index, DMF.

index, oral hygiene, simplified (Greene-Vermillion index),

n an index made up of two components, the debris index and the calculus index, which are based on numerical determination representing the amount of debris or calculus found on six preselected tooth surfaces.

index, periodontal (Ramfjord index),

n a thorough clinical examination of the periodontal status of six teeth, with an evaluation of the gingival condition, pocket depth, calculus and plaque deposits, attrition, mobility, and lack of contact.

index, periodontal disease (Russell index),

n an index that measures the condition of both the gingiva and the bone individually for each tooth and arrives at the average status for periodontal disease in a given oral cavity.

index, plaque,

n an assessment tool used to evaluate the thickness of plaque at the gingival margin that may be applied to selected teeth or to the entire oral cavity.

index, PMA (Schour-Massler index),

n an index used for recording the prevalence and severity of gingivitis in schoolchildren by noting and scoring three areas: the gingival papillae (P), the buccal or labial gingival margin (M), and the attached gingiva (A).

index, Pont's,

n the relation of the width of the four incisors to the width between the first premolars and the width between the first molars.

index, Russell,

n.pr See index, periodontal disease.

index, salivary Lactobacillus

(lak´-tōbsil´s),
n a count of the lactobacilli per milliliter of saliva; used as an indicator of present dental caries activity. The test is of questionable value in individual patients, although its use in large groups has led to valuable information on caries ac-tivity.

index, saturation,

n a number indicating the hemoglobin content of a person's red blood cells as compared with the normal content.

index, sulcus bleeding,

n.pr an assessment tool used to evaluate the existence of gingival bleeding in individual teeth and/or regions of the oral cavity upon gentle probing by assigning a score of 0-5, with 0 indicating a healthy appearance and no bleeding.

index, therapeutic,

n the ratio of toxic dose to effective dose.

index, ventilation,

n the index obtained by dividing the ventilation test by the vital capacity.

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index

pl. indexes, indices [L.] the numerical ratio of measurement of any part in comparison with a fixed standard.

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index case

the first case of a disease in a group to be brought to the attention of the clinician.

Color index

a publication of the Society of Dyers and Colorists and the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, containing an extensive list of dyes and dye intermediates. Each chemically distinct compound is identified by a specific number, the CI number, avoiding the confusion of trivial names used for dyes in the dye industry. The Royal Horticultural Society, London, produces a similar document to aid in the identification of flower colors.

erythrocyte i's

see erythrocyte indices.

index Medicus

a monthly publication of the National Library of Medicine, in which the world's leading biomedical literature is indexed by author and subject.

opsonic index

a measure of opsonic activity determined by the ratio of the number of microorganisms phagocytized by normal leukocytes in the presence of serum from an animal infected by the microorganism, to the number phagocytized in serum from a normal animal.

phagocytic index

the average number of bacteria ingested per leukocyte of the patient's blood.

production index

a method of expressing production compared with a potential or target.

refractive index

the refractive power of a medium compared with that of air (assumed to be 1).

therapeutic index

originally, the ratio of the maximum tolerated dose to the minimum curative dose; now defined as the ratio of the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) to the median effective dose (ED₅₀). It is used in assessing the safety of a drug.

index Veterinarius

a periodic listing of all publications in the veterinary literature by the Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, United Kingdom. Also available on on-line data search.

vital index

the ratio of births to deaths within a given time in a population.

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therapeutic index

Pharmacology The ratio of a drug's toxic level to its therapeutic level, which is calculated as the toxic concentration–TC of a drug, divided by the effective concentration, expressed as TC₅₀/EC₅₀, a point at which 50% of Pts have a toxic reaction to the drug being monitored; the lower the therapeutic index, the more difficult it is to titrate a drug's dose in a Pt and the more critical it is that the drug be monitored. See Apparent volume of distribution, First-order kinetics, Peak levels, Trough levels, Volume of distribution, Zero-order kinetics.