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synovial fluid analysis |
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synovial fluid analysis Lab medicine The evaluation of SF obtained by aspiration from the knee, shoulder, hip, elbow, less commonly from another joint; SFA is commonly performed on younger Pts to detect infection–eg,
with staphylococcus or TB and in older Pts to categorize type of inflammation–eg, rheumatoid arthritis, pseudogout, exclude gout
Synovial fluid analysis*
Type Appearance Glucose‡ WBC/mL PMNs Viscosity
Normal Clear yellow < 10 mg/dL < 200/µL < 25% ↑
Noninflammatory Clear yellow < 10 mg/dL < 2000/µL < 25% ↑
Inflammatory Slightly turbid < 20 mg/dL <5000/µL < 50% ↓
Septic-mild Turbid < 40 mg/dL <50,000/µL 50-90% ↓
Septic-severe Turbid/purulent> 20 mg/dL >50,000/µL > 90% ↓
*after JB Henry, Ed, Clinical Diagnosis & Management by Laboratory Methods, 18th edition, WB Saunders, 1991
‡Synovial fluid and blood difference
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