effect /ef·fect/ (ĕ-fekt´) the result produced by an action.
side effect
effect [ĕ-fekt´]
Anrep effect abrupt elevation of aortic pressure results in a positive inotropic effect, augmented resistance to outflow in the heart.
Bayliss effect increased perfusion pressure and subsequent stretch of vascular smooth muscle causes muscle contraction and increased resistance, which returns blood flow to normal in spite of the elevated perfusion pressure.
Bohr effect increase of carbon dioxide in blood causes decreased affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.
Doppler effect the relationship of the apparent frequency of waves, as of sound, light, and radio waves, to the relative motion of the source of the waves and the observer, the frequency increasing as the two approach each other and decreasing as they move apart.
experimenter effects demand characteristics.
Haldane effect increased oxygenation of hemoglobin promotes dissociation of carbon dioxide.
position effect in genetics, the changed effect produced by alteration of the relative positions of various genes on the chromosomes.
pressure effect the sum of the changes that are due to obstruction of tissue drainage by pressure.
side effect a consequence other than that for which an agent is used, especially an adverse effect on another organ system.
Somogyi effect a rebound phenomenon occurring in diabetes: overtreatment with insulin induces hypoglycemia, which initiates the release of epinephrine, ACTH, glucagon, and growth hormone, which stimulate lipolysis, gluconeogenesis, and glycogenolysis, which, in turn, result in a rebound hyperglycemia and ketosis.
| side effect n. A peripheral or secondary effect, especially an undesirable secondary effect of a drug or therapeutic regimen. |
side effect
Etymology: AS, side + L, effectus
any reaction to or consequence of a medication or therapy. This can be an effect carried beyond the desired limit, such as hemorrhaging from an anticoagulant, or a reaction unrelated to the primary object of the therapy, such as an anaphylactic reaction to an antibiotic. Usually, although not necessarily, the effect is undesirable and may manifest itself as nausea, dry mouth, dizziness, blood dyscrasias, blurred vision, discolored urine, or tinnitus.
effect [ĕ-fekt´]
a result produced by an action.
additive effect the combined effect produced by the action of two or more agents, being equal to the sum of their separate effects.
adverse effect a symptom produced by a drug or therapy that is injurious to the patient.
Bainbridge effect Bainbridge reflex.
Bohr effect decreased affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen caused by an increase of carbon dioxide; the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve is displaced to the right because of higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide and lower pH. See also Haldane effect.
The Bohr effect causing a shift to the right in the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve.
Crabtree effect the inhibition of oxygen consumption on the addition of glucose to tissues or microorganisms having a high rate of aerobic glycolysis; the converse of the Pasteur effect.
cumulative effect the action of a drug or treatment resulting from repeated use.
Doppler effect see doppler effect.
experimenter e's demand characteristics.
extrapyramidal e's the side effects caused by neuroleptic medications, including dystonias, parkinsonism, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia.
Haldane effect increased oxygenation of hemoglobin promotes dissociation of carbon dioxide; see also Bohr effect.
Hawthorne effect a psychological response in which the subjects in a research study change their behavior simply because they are subjects in a study, not because of the research treatment.
heel effect variation in x-ray beam intensity and projected focal spot size along the long axis of the x-ray tube from cathode to anode.
parallax effect the position of the image on each emulsion of dual emulsion film; it is accentuated by tube-angled x-ray techniques.
Pasteur effect the decrease in the rate of glycolysis and the suppression of lactate accumulation by tissues or microorganisms in the presence of oxygen.
photoelectric effect ejection of electrons from matter as a result of interaction with photons from high frequency electromagnetic radiation, such as x-rays; the ejected electrons may be energetic enough to ionize multiple additional atoms.
placebo effect the total of all nonspecific effects, both good and adverse, of treatment; it refers primarily to psychological and psychophysiological effects associated with the caregiver-patient relationship and the patient's expectations and apprehensions concerning the treatment. See also placebo.
position effect in genetics, the changed effect produced by alteration of the relative positions of various genes on the chromosomes.
pressure effect the sum of the changes that are due to obstruction of tissue drainage by pressure.
proarrhythmic effect any new, more advanced form of arrhythmia caused by an antiarrhythmic agent, especially those that produce hemodynamically important symptoms. These arrhythmias occur less than 30 days after initiation of treatment and are not due to a new event such as acute myocardial infarction or hypokalemia.
side effect a consequence other than that for which an agent is used, especially an adverse effect on another organ system.
Somogyi effect see somogyi effect.
side effect,
n an effect not sought in the case under treatment that can complicate the prognosis.
effect
a result produced by an action. The relationship between the two can be expressed in linear form. The total association between them may be the sum of a number of effects. The effect may be direct when it is exerted without being transmitted through intervening factors, or indirect when it is. It may also be a spurious effect when the observed changes are due to causes and correlations common to both.
additive effect
the combined effect produced by the action of two or more agents, being equal to the sum of their separate effects.
Coolidge effect
the stimulation of sexual behavior in a male animal upon exposure to a new female.
cumulative effect
cumulation action.
experimenter e's
demand characteristics; the characteristics supplied by the experimental subject in response to what it perceives are the demands of the experimenter.
effect modifier
a factor which modifies the effect of a causal factor under study. Called also interaction.
position effect
in genetics, the changed effect produced by alteration of the relative positions of various genes on the chromosomes.
pressure effect
the sum of the changes that are due to obstruction of tissue drainage by pressure.
side effect
a consequence other than that for which an agent is used, especially an adverse effect on another organ system.
side
to one side.
side bar
see siderod.
side effect
a consequence other than that for which an agent is used, especially an adverse effect on another organ system.
side lines
a means of restraining a horse which can also be used for casting. A 60 ft cotton rope is knotted so that there is a fixed loop in the center. This is placed over the head and seated on the shoulder and the two ends passed between the forelimbs. Each rope end is passed around a hind pastern and brought back to the shoulder loop. Pulling one of the legs up so that the hoof just reaches the ground is used as restraint to prevent the horse rearing. Pulling both legs forward causes the horse to fall.
side reins
see side rein.
Patient discussion about side effect.
Q. Does Viagra have any side effects? My boyfriend started taking Viagra and now he has headaches. Could this be caused by the Viagra?
A. Yes, headaches are a side effect of Viagra. Other common side effects are facial flushing, upset stomach and a temporary bluish vision. If this persists, he should consult his Doctor.
Q. What Are Common Side Effects of Antibiotics? My 5 year old son had an ear infection and was given antibiotics for a few days. What are the known side effects for some of the common antibiotics?
A. Possible side effects of antibiotic medications are varied, depending on the antibiotics used and the microbial organisms we wish to treat. Adverse effects can range from fever and nausea to major allergic reactions. The most common side effects are gastrointestinal- mostly nausea, vomiting, “upset stomach” and diarrhea. Allergic reactions can be mild (rash) and rarely severe (anaphylactic shock). Some antibiotics can cause kidney damage, however this is also very rare.
Q. What are the side effects of electroconvulsive therapy for depression? My sister is about to have electroconvulsive therapy for treating her severe depression. Is this method safe to use? What are the side effects?
A. I have been ob a cocktail of meds; I feel like a lab rat. Never to say any one helped;except zanax,however that's just covered up the feeling not to think about the depression when I awake. I had a phys...for over ten years. My phys...tried at least twelve diff...meds...:"I'm pisseed " I'm A GOOD LOOKING GUY,WOROuK OUT PEOPLE SAY WOW YOU LOOK GREAT" "I feel like a mess" compliments are nice,and believe me i'm not trying to build my outer aperance up. "Working out is a grat,but when that done,what else is there to do?
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