Salmonella (redirected from Salmonella Infections)

Salmonella /Sal·mo·nel·la/ (sal?mo-nel´ah) a genus of gram-negative bacteria. The genus Salmonella is very complex and has been described by several different systems of nomenclature. Clinical laboratories frequently report salmonellae as one of three species, differentiated on the basis of serologic and biochemical reactions: S. ty´phi, S. choleraesu´is, and S. enteri´tidis; the last contains all serotypes except the first two. In this system many strains familiarly named as species are designated as serotypes of S. enteritidis. Salmonellae may also be grouped into five subgenera (I–V) on the basis of biochemical reactions and further into species on the basis of antigenic reactions; subgenus I contains most of the species. Pathogenic species include S. arizo´nae (salmonellosis), S. choleraesuis (a strain pathogenic for pigs that may infect humans), S. enteritidis (gastroenteritis), S. enteritidis serotype paraty´phi A (paratyphoid fever), S. typhi (typhoid fever), and S. enteritidis serotype typhimu´rium (food poisoning and paratyphoid fever).

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salmonella /sal·mo·nel·la/ (sal?mo-nel´ah) pl. salmonel´lae   any organism of the genus Salmonella. salmonel´lal

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Salmonella

n.

A genus of aerobic to facultatively anaerobic gram-negative bacteria that are pathogenic in humans and animals.

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sal·mo·nel·la (slm-nl)

n. pl. sal·mo·nel·lae (-nl) or sal·mo·nel·las or salmonella

Any of various gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria of the genus Salmonella, many of which are pathogenic, causing food poisoning, typhoid, and paratyphoid fever in humans and other infectious diseases in domestic animals.

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Salmonella

a genus of gram-negative, non-lactose fermenting, medium-sized, rod-shaped, bacteria, members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, most species having flagella and pili. The genus contains one species which has been divided into seven subgroups and a very large number of serotypes. Most species pathogenic for warm-blooded animals are in subgroup I (S. enterica). Subgroups IIIa (S. salamae) and IIIb (S. arizonae) include some species occasionally pathogenic for animals and birds. The salmonella include the typhoid-paratyphoid bacilli and bacteria usually pathogenic for lower animals but which are often transmitted to humans. They cause salmonellosis which has a number of manifestations and some are specific causes of abortion.

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Salmonella abortusequi

causes abortion in horses.

Salmonella abortusovis, Salmonella montevideo

cause abortion in sheep.

Salmonella arizonae

the name now applied to subgroup IIIa, these organisms cause severe enteritis and septicemia in chicks and turkey poults.

Salmonella bovismorbificans

causes enteritis in cattle and horses.

Salmonella choleraesuis biotype Kunzendorf

causes septicemic and enteric salmonellosis of swine. Called the hog cholera bacillus because of the similarity of the clinical diseases.

Salmonella dublin

causes septicemia, meningitis, enteritis and abortion in cattle and abortion in sheep.

Salmonella enteriditis

a common cause of gastroenteritis in humans. Recorded also in most domestic animal species and fowl.

Salmonella gallinarum

causes fowl typhoid.

Salmonella heidelberg

an occasional isolate in horses.

Salmonella pullorum

causes pullorum disease.

Salmonella typhimurium

DT 104 R-types ACSSuT infects all animal species and humans, but particularly cattle and in many countries DT104 (determinant type/phage type 104) has emerged to be the most common phage type of S. typhimurium. Of concern as it is resistant to many of the commonly used antibiotics including ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamides, and tetracyclines (R-type ACSSuT). Some have also developed resistance to trimethoprim and to quinolone antibiotics (R-type ACSSUTTm and ACSSuTCP). The causative agent of mouse typhoid and of food poisoning in humans. Causes outbreaks of enteritis in most species, often related to rodent infestation. The cause of fowl paratyphoid.

Salmonella typhisuis

an uncommon isolate in pigs.