resin (redirected from Resins, synthetic)

resin /res·in/ (rez´in)

1. a solid or semisolid organic substance exuded by plants or by insects feeding on plants, or produced synthetically; they are insoluble in water but mostly soluble in alcohol or ether.

2. a compound made by condensation or polymerization of low-molecular-weight organic compounds.res´inous

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acrylic resins  a class of thermoplastic resins produced by polymerization of acrylic or methacrylic acid or their derivatives; used in the fabrication of medical prostheses and dental restorations and appliances.

anion exchange resin  see ion exchange r.

cation exchange resin  see ion exchange r.

cholestyramine resin  a synthetic, strongly basic anion exchange resin in the chloride form which chelates bile acids in the intestine, thus preventing their reabsorption; used as an adjunctive therapy to diet in management of certain hypercholesterolemias and in the symptomatic relief of pruritus associated with bile stasis.

composite resin  a synthetic resin, usually acrylic based, to which a high percentage of inert filler has been added, e.g., coated glass or silica; used chiefly in dental restorations.

epoxy resin  a heat-set resin with toughness, adhesibility, chemical resistance, dielectric properties, and dimensional stability; several modified types are used as denture base material.

ion exchange resin  a high-molecular-weight insoluble polymer of simple organic compounds capable of exchanging its attached ions for other ions in the surrounding medium; classified as (a) cation or anion exchange r's, depending on which ions the resin exchanges; and (b) carboxylic, sulfonic, etc., depending on the nature of the active groups.

podophyllum resin  podophyllin; a mixture of resins from podophyllum, used as a topical caustic in the treatment of certain papillomas, condylomata acuminata, keratoses, and other epitheliomas.

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res·in (rzn)

n.

1. Any of numerous clear to translucent yellow or brown, solid or semisolid, viscous substances of plant origin, such as copal, rosin, and amber.

2. Any of numerous physically similar polymerized synthetics or chemically modified natural resins including thermoplastic materials and thermosetting materials.

3. Rosin.

4. A precipitate formed by the addition of water to certain tinctures.

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resin (rez´in),

n broad term used to indicate organic substances that are usually translucent or transparent and are soluble in ether, acetone, and similar substances but not in water. They are named according to their chemical composition, physical structure, and means for activation or curing. Examples are acrylic resin, autopolymer resin (cold-curing resin), synthetic resin, styrene resin, and vinyl resin. See also methyl methacrylate; varnish, cavity.

resin, acrylic,

n 1. general term applied to a resinous material of the various esters of acrylic acid. It is used as a denture base material and also for trays and other dental restorations.
n 2. An ethylene derivative that contains a vinyl group (e.g., polymethacrylate [methyl methacrylate], the principal ingredient of many plastics used in dentistry).

resin, activated,

n See resin, autopolymer.

resin, autopolymer,

n (activated resin, autopolymerizing resin, cold-curing resin, direct restorative acrylic resin, self-curing resin), any resin that can be polymerized by an activator and a catalyst without the use of external heat.

resin cement,

n resin-based materials used as alternatives to common cement base materials, such as zinc phosphate. They are used with nonmetallic fillings such as ceramic, which will not bond to zinc phosphate, and when used with enamel and dentin bonding agents produce a much stronger bond than zinc phosphate.

resin, composite,

n a resin used for restorative purposes and usually formed by a reaction of an ether of bisphenol-A (an epoxy molecule) with acrylic resin monomers, initiated by a benzoyl peroxideamine system, to which is added as much as 75% inorganic filler (glass beads and rods, lithium aluminum silicate, quartz, and tricalcium phosphate).

resin, copolymer

n a synthetic resin that is the product of the concurrent and joint polymerization of two or more different monomers of polymers.

resin, direct restorative,

n See resin, autopolymer.

resin, epoxy,

n a resin molecule characterized by reactive epoxy, or ethoxyline, groups that serve as terminal polymerization points. Used in dentistry for denture bases.

resin, heat-curing,

n a resin that requires heat to activate its polymerization.

resin, inlay,

n an applied dental filling contained within the tooth and made up of natural or synthetic resin-based materials.

resin, quick cure,

n See resin, autopolymer.

resin, self-curing,

n See resin, autopolymer.

resin, thermoplastic,

n a synthetic resin that may be softened by heat and hardened by cooling.

resin, vinyl,

n an ethylene-derivative copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate; used at one time for denture bases.

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resin

1. a solid or semisolid, amorphous organic substance of vegetable origin or produced synthetically. True resins are insoluble in water, but are readily dissolved in alcohol, ether and volatile oils.

2. rosin.

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acrylic r's

products of the polymerization of acrylic or methacrylic acid or their derivatives and used in the fabrication of surgical prostheses and equipment.

anion-exchange resin

see ion-exchange resin.

cation-exchange resin

see ion-exchange resin.

cholestyramine resin

a synthetic, strongly basic anion-exchange resin in the chloride form which chelates bile salts in the intestine, thus preventing their reabsorption.

composite resin

usually a mixture of organic matrix and inorganic filler, used in restorative dentistry.

ipomoea resin, jalap resin, scammony resin

severe cathartics and irritants; little used because of their disastrous effects.