nerve block (redirected from Regional nerve blockade)

block (blok)

1. obstruction.

2. to obstruct.

3. regional anesthesia.

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ankle block  regional anesthesia of the foot by injection of anesthetic around the tibial nerves at the ankle.

atrioventricular block , AV block impairment of conduction of cardiac impulses from the atria to the ventricles, usually due to a block in the atrioventricular junctional tissue, and generally subclassified on the basis of severity as first, second, or third degree.

Bier block  regional anesthesia by intravenous injection; used for surgical procedures on the arm below the elbow or leg below the knee that are done in a bloodless field maintained by a pneumatic tourniquet.

bifascicular block  impairment of conduction in two of the three fascicles of the bundle branches.

bilateral bundle branch block  (BBBB) interruption of cardiac impulses through both bundle branches, clinically indistinguishable from third degree (complete) heart block.

brachial plexus block  regional anesthesia of the shoulder, arm, and hand by injection of anesthetic into the brachial plexus.

bundle branch block  (BBB) interruption of conduction in one of the main bundle branches, so that the impulse first reaches one ventricle, then travels to the other.

caudal block  anesthesia by injection of local anesthetic into the caudal or sacral canal.

cervical plexus block  regional anesthesia of the neck by injection of a local anesthetic into the cervical plexus.

complete heart block  see heart b.

conduction block  a blockage in a nerve that prevents impulses from being conducted across a given segment although the nerve beyond is viable.

elbow block  regional anesthesia of the forearm and hand by injection of local anesthetic around the median, radial, and ulnar nerves at the elbow.

entrance block  in cardiology, a unidirectional impasse to conduction that prevents an impulse from entering a specific region of excitable tissue; part of the mechanism underlying parasystole.

epidural block  regional anesthesia by injection into the epidural space, either between the vertebral spines, in the cervical, thoracic, or lumbar region, or into the sacral hiatus, which is also called caudal block

Production of epidural block by injection through the ligamentum flavum into the epidural space, the needle stopping just short of the dura mater.

exit block  in cardiology, delay or failure of an impulse to be conducted from a specific region to surrounding tissues.

fascicular block  any of a group of disorders of conduction localized within any combination of the three fascicles of the bundle branches or their ramifications.

femoral block  regional anesthesia of the posterior thigh and the leg below the knee by injection of a local anesthetic around the femoral nerve just below the inguinal ligament at the lateral border of the fossa ovalis.

field block  regional anesthesia by encircling the operative field with injections of a local anesthetic.

first degree heart block  see heart b.; see also atrioventricular b.

heart block  impairment of conduction of an impulse in heart excitation; it is subclassified as first degree when conduction time is prolonged, second degree (partial heart b.) when some atrial impulses are not conducted, and third degree (complete heart b.) when no atrial impulses are conducted; the term and its subcategories are often used specifically for atrioventricular block.

high grade atrioventricular block  second or third degree atrioventricular block.

incomplete heart block  first or second degree heart block.

intraspinal block  spinal anesthesia (1).

intravenous block  Bier b.

lumbar plexus block  regional anesthesia of the anterior and medial aspects of the leg by injection of a local anesthetic into the lumbar plexus.

mental block  blocking (2).

metabolic block  the blocking of a biosynthetic pathway due to a genetic enzyme defect or to inhibition of an enzyme by a drug or other substance.

Mobitz type I block  Wenckebach b.

Mobitz type II block  a type of second degree atrioventricular block in which dropped beats occur periodically without previous lengthening of the P–R interval, due to a block within or below the bundle of His.

motor point block  interruption of impulses, by anesthesia or destruction of the nerve, at a motor point in order to relieve spasticity.

nerve block  regional anesthesia by injection of anesthetics close to the appropriate nerve.

paracervical block  regional anesthesia of the inferior hypogastric plexus and ganglia produced by injection of the local anesthetic into the lateral fornices of the vagina.

parasacral block  regional anesthesia produced by injection of a local anesthetic around the sacral nerves as they emerge from the sacral foramina.

paravertebral block  infiltration of anesthetic into an area near the vertebrae.

partial heart block  see heart b.

periinfarction block  disturbance of intraventricular conduction after a myocardial infarction, due to delayed conduction in the infarct region.

presacral block  anesthesia produced by injection of the local anesthetic into the sacral nerves on the anterior aspect of the sacrum.

pudendal block  anesthesia produced by blocking the pudendal nerves, accomplished by injection of the local anesthetic into the tuberosity of the ischium.

retrobulbar block  that performed by injection of a local anesthetic into the retrobulbar space to anesthetize and immobilize the eye.

sacral block  see under anesthesia.

saddle block  regional anesthesia in an area of the buttocks, perineum, and inner aspects of the thighs, by introducing the anesthetic agent low in the dural sac.

second degree heart block  see heart b.; see also atrioventricular b.

sinoatrial block  delay or absence of the atrial beat due to partial or complete interference with the propagation of impulses from the sinoatrial node to the atria.

spinal block  see under anesthesia.

subarachnoid block  spinal anesthesia (1).

third degree heart block  see heart b.; see also atrioventricular b.

trifascicular block  impairment of conduction in all three fascicles of the bundle branches, a form of complete heart block.

unifascicular block  impairment of conduction in only one fascicle of the bundle branches.

vagal block , vagus nerve block blocking of vagal impulses by injection of a solution of local anesthetic into the vagus nerve at its exit from the skull.

Wenckebach block  a type of second degree atrioventricular block in which one or more dropped beats occur periodically after a series of steadily increasing P–R intervals.

wrist block  regional anesthesia of the hand by injection of a local anesthetic around the median, radial, and ulnar nerves of the wrist.

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nerve block

n.

Interruption of the passage of impulses through a neuron by the injection of alcohol or an anesthetic.

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nerve block,

n 1. the reversible interruption of conduction along a nerve trunk or its branches because of the absorption of a suitable agent.
n 2. a regional anesthesia secured by extraneural or paraneural injection in close proximity to the nerve whose conductivity is to be cut. See also anesthesia, block.

nerve block, anterior middle superior alveolar,

n an injection delivered by digital syringe into the palate that is used to anesthetize the pulp, facial and lingual periodontal tissues of the ipsilateral maxillary anterior teeth and premolars. It does not cause lip or facial muscle anesthesia.

nerve block, anterior superior alveolar,

n an injection delivered by traditional syringe that is used to anesthetize the pulp tissue and facial periodontium of the maxillary anterior teeth.

nerve block, buccal,

n an injection using a traditional syringe that causes anesthesia of the facial periodontium of the ipsilateral mandibular molars.

nerve block, greater palatine

n an injection delivered into the palatal tissues that is used to anesthetize the lingual periodontium of the ipsilateral maxillary posterior teeth.

nerve block, incisive,

n a local anesthetic agent injected near the incisive nerves at the mental foramen that serve the mandibular premolars and anterior teeth.

nerve block, infraorbital

n an injection anesthetizing the pulp tissue and periodontium of the ipsilateral maxillary anterior teeth and premolars, including the first molar and its mesiobuccal root in some cases. One side of the nose, the upper lip, and lower eyelid may also be anesthetized.

nerve block, mandibular (inferior alveolar),

n an injection used to anesthetize the anterior two-thirds portion of the tongue, the pulp tissue of the mandibular teeth, the floor of the oral cavity, the facial periodontium of the mandibular first premolar and anterior teeth, the lingual periodontium of all mandibular teeth, the skin on the chin, and the lower portion of the lip.

nerve block, middle superior alveolar,

n an injection used to anesthetize pulp tissue and facial periodontium of the maxillary premolars and the mesiobuccal root of the first molar in some cases.

nerve block, nasopalatine,

n an injection used to bilaterally anesthetize the lingual periodontium of the maxillary anterior teeth.

nerve block, posterior superior alveolar,

n an injection used to anesthetize pulp tissue and facial periodontium of the ipsilateral maxillary molars. It does not always anesthetize the mesiobuccal root of the first molar.

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block

1. an obstruction or stoppage.

2. regional anesthesia.

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Arthur block

see segmental dorsolumbar epidural block.

bundle-branch block

a form of heart block involving obstruction in one of the branches in the bundle of His.

field block

regional anesthesia obtained by blocking conduction in nerves with chemical or physical agents.

block grazing

see rotational grazing.

heart block

impairment of conduction in heart excitation; often applied specifically to atrioventricular heart block. See also heart block.

inverted L-block

linear infiltration cranial and dorsal to the incision site; used for flank laparotomy in cattle and sheep.

block mating

mating of all the females in a group during a brief period, e.g. within the span of three estral cycles; a characteristic of seasonal animal farming.

metabolic block

the blocking of a biosynthetic pathway due to a genetic enzyme defect or to inhibition of an enzyme by a drug or other substance.

nerve block

regional anesthesia secured by injection of an anesthetic in close proximity to the appropriate nerve.

paracervical block

anesthesia of the inferior hypogastric plexus and ganglia produced by injection of the local anesthetic into the lateral fornices of the vagina.

parasacral block

regional anesthesia produced by injection of a local anesthetic around the sacral nerves as they emerge from the sacral foramina.

presacral block

anesthesia produced by injection of the local anesthetic into the sacral nerves on the anterior aspect of the sacrum.

ring block

regional anesthesia by the injection of local anesthetic in a complete circle around a limb of a horse, or the teat of a cow.

sacral block

anesthesia produced by injection of the local anesthetic into the extradural space of the spinal canal.

saddle block

the production of anesthesia in a region corresponding roughly with the areas of the buttocks, perineum and inner aspects of the thighs, by introducing the anesthetic agent low in the dural sac.

sinus block

sinus arrest.

vagal block, vagus nerve block

blocking of vagal impulses by injection of a solution of local anesthetic into the vagus nerve at its exit from the skull.

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nerve block

Anesthesiology A neurolytic or nonneurolytic modality used to block pain sensation Complications Bleeding, infection, organ or vessel puncture. See Block, Neurolytic block, Nonneurolytic block.