quinine /qui·nine/ (kwi´nīn) (kwin-ēn´) (kwin´in) an alkaloid of cinchona that was once widely used to control and prevent malaria; it also has analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties, and it decreases the excitability of the motor end plate. It is used as the dihydrochloride, hydrochloride, or sulfate salt in the treatment of resistant falciparum malaria.
Quinine
quinine
quinine [kwi´nīn]
quinine,
quinine (kwī´nīn),
qui·nine (kw  nn )n. 1. A bitter colorless amorphous powder or crystalline alkaloid derived from certain cinchona barks and used to treat malaria. 2. Any of various compounds or salts of quinine. |
Quinine
One of the first treatments for malaria, quinine is a natural product made from the bark of the Cinchona tree. It was popular until being superseded by the development of chloroquine in the 1940s. In the wake of widespread chloroquine resistance, however, it has become popular again. Quinine, or its close relative quinidine, can be given intravenously to treat severe Falciparum malaria.
Mentioned in: Malaria
quinine
[kwī′nīn]
Etymology: Sp, quina, bark
a white, bitter, crystalline alkaloid made from cinchona bark. It was used in antimalarial medications but not used once chloroquine became available. It is now being used again to treat some cases of chloroquine-resistant malaria. See also antimalarial.
quinine [kwi´nīn]
an alkaloid of cinchona that is an antimalarial agent; it suppresses the asexual erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites and has a slight effect on the gametocytes. It also has analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties, and it decreases the excitability of the motor endplate. It is administered orally as the dihydrochloride, hydrochloride or sulfate salt or parenterally as the dihydrochloride salt in the treatment of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. It is also used orally as the sulfate salt in the treatment of leg and foot cramps.
quinine,
n Latin name:
Cinchona succirubra; part used: bark; uses: malaria, nighttime leg cramps; precautions: pregnancy, lactation, severe gastrointestinal illness, neurological disorders, severe liver disease, psoriasis, tinnitus, cardiotoxic, kidney damage, aluminum salts, anticoagulants, cardiac glycosides, neuromuscular blocking medications, sodium bicarbonate. Also called
cinchona, Jesuit's bark, or
Peruvian bark.
Cinchona succirubra; part used: bark; uses: malaria, nighttime leg cramps; precautions: pregnancy, lactation, severe gastrointestinal illness, neurological disorders, severe liver disease, psoriasis, tinnitus, cardiotoxic, kidney damage, aluminum salts, anticoagulants, cardiac glycosides, neuromuscular blocking medications, sodium bicarbonate. Also called
cinchona, Jesuit's bark, or
Peruvian bark.
quinine (kwī´nīn),
n an alkaloid derived from cinchona that is effec-tive against malaria. It is also used as an antipyretic, analgesic, sclerosing agent, and stomachic and in the treatment of atrial fibrillation and myotonia congenita.
quinine
an alkaloid from Cinchona spp. plants of South America used in some forms of malaria in humans. Quinine also has analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties, and it decreases the excitability of the motor end-plate. It may be the cause of an immune-mediated hemolytic anemia.
quinine tree
see alstoniaconstricta.
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