osmolality /os·mo·lal·i·ty/ (oz″mo-lal´it-e) the concentration of a solution in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
Osmolality
osmolality
osmolality
os·mo·lal·i·ty ( z m -l l  -t , s-)n. The concentration of an osmotic solution, usually expressed in terms of osmoles. |
Osmolality
A measurement of urine concentration that depends on the number of particles dissolved in it. Values are expressed as milliosmols per kilogram (mOsm/kg) of water.
Mentioned in: Diabetes Insipidus, Kidney Function Tests
osmolality
[oz′mōlal′itē]
the osmotic pressure of a solution expressed in osmols or milliosmols per kilogram of water. Normal adult blood osmolality is 285 to 295 mOsm/kg H2O. Compare osmolarity.
osmolality
the concentration of a solution in terms of osmoles of solutes per kilogram of solvent.
serum osmolality
a measure of the number of dissolved particles per unit of water in serum. In a solution, the fewer the particles of solute in proportion to the number of units of water (solvent), the less concentrated the solution. A low serum osmolality would be indicative of a higher than usual amount of water in relation to the amount of particles dissolved in it. It would be expected, then, that a low serum osmolality would accompany overhydration, or edema, and an increased serum osmolality would be present in a state of fluid volume deficit.
Measurement of the serum osmolality gives information about the hydration status within the cells because of the osmotic equilibrium that is constantly being maintained on either side of the cell membrane (homeostasis).
Water moves freely back and forth across the membrane in response to the osmotic pressure being exerted by the molecules of solute in the intracellular and extracellular fluids. Serum osmolality reflects the status of hydration of the intracellular as well as the extracellular compartments and thus describes total body hydration.
urine osmolality
a measure of the number of dissolved particles per unit of water in the urine. A more accurate measure of urine concentration than specific gravity, urine osmolality is useful in diagnosing renal disorders of urinary concentration and dilution and in assessing status of hydration.
osmolality
Toxicology A measure of the amount of osmotically effective solute/1000 g of solvent; serum osmolality is↑ in Ethanol, azotemia, dehydration, DM, hypercalcemia, hyperglycemia, hypernatremia, ethylene glycol, glycerine, INH,
ketosis, mannitol therapy, methanol, pyelonephritis, renal tubular necrosis, diabetes insipidus, shock, sorbitol, uremia ↓ in Overhydation, ↑ fluid intake, ↓ Na+, paraneoplastic syndrome, SIADH; urine osmolality is ↑ in SIADH,
liver disease, heart disease, dehydration ↓ in Overhydration, diabetes insipidus, ↓ K+ Ref range Serum, 275-295 mOsm/Kg; urine 50–1400 mOsm/Kg Critical (panic) values ≤ 265 mOsm/Kg; ≥ 320 mOsm/Kg. See Delta osmolality, Effective osmolality.
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