opioid (redirected from Opiod)

opioid /opi·oid/ (o´pe-oid)

1. any synthetic narcotic that has opiate-like activities but is not derived from opium.

2. any of a group of naturally occurring peptides, e.g., enkephalins, that bind at or otherwise influence opiate receptors, either with opiate-like or opiate antagonist effects.

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o·pi·oid (p-oid)

n.

See opiate.

adj.

Opiate.

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opi·oid adj.

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Opioid

Any morphine-like synthetic narcotic that produces the same effects as drugs derived from the opium poppy (opiates), such as pain relief, sedation, constipation and respiratory depression.

Mentioned in: Anesthesia, General

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opioid

[ō′pē·oid]

Etymology: Gk, opionm, poppy juice, eidos, form

strictly speaking, pertaining to natural and synthetic chemicals that have opium-like effects similar to morphine, though they are not derived from opium. Examples include endorphins or enkephalins produced by body tissues or synthetic methadone. Morphine and related drugs are often included in this category since the term narcotic has lost its original meaning.

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opioid

1. any synthetic narcotic that has opiate-like activities but is not derived from opium.

2. denoting naturally occurring peptides, e.g. enkephalins, that exert opiate-like effects by interacting with opiate receptors of cell membranes.

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endogenous opioid

see endorphin, enkephalin.

opioid receptors

specific receptor sites for opioids, named for the drugs which have a high binding affinity for them. The main ones are mu (morphine), kappa (opioid agonist-antagonists such as pentazocine) and delta (enkephalin endogenous opioids). Subtypes exist and others, such as sigma and epsilon, have been identified.

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opioid

Neurology A pain-attenuating peptide that occurs naturally in the brain, which induces analgesia by mimicking endogenous opioids at opioid receptors in the brain. See Opioid-mediated analgesia system.

Opioids

Agonists The most potent opioid agonists are morphine, meperidine, methadone; other opioids include hydromorphine–Dilaudid^®, codeine, oxycodone–Percodan^®, propoxyphene–Darvon^®

Antagonists Naloxone–Narcan^®

Mixed agonsts-antagonists Pentazocine–Talwin^®