paralysis /pa·ral·y·sis/ (pah-ral´ĭ-sis) pl. paral´yses loss or impairment of motor function in a part due to lesion of the neural or muscular mechanism; also, by analogy, impairment of sensory function (sensory p.) .
periodic paralysis
paralysis a´gitans Parkinson's disease.
ascending paralysis spinal paralysis that progresses cephalad.
bulbar paralysis progressive bulbar palsy.
compression paralysis that caused by pressure on a nerve.
conjugate paralysis loss of ability to perform some parallel ocular movements.
crossed paralysis , cruciate paralysis that affecting one side of the face and the other side of the body.
decubitus paralysis that due to pressure on a nerve from lying for a long time in one position.
divers' paralysis decompression sickness.
Duchenne's paralysis
Erb-Duchenne paralysis paralysis of the upper roots of the brachial plexus, caused by birth injury.
facial paralysis weakening or paralysis of the facial nerve, as in Bell's palsy.
familial periodic paralysis a rare inherited disorder with recurring attacks of rapidly progressive flaccid paralysis associated with serum potassium levels that are decreased (type I or hypokalemic type), increased (type II or hyperkalemic type), or normal (type III or normokalemic type).
hyperkalemic periodic paralysis see familial periodic p.
hypokalemic periodic paralysis see familial periodic p.
immune paralysis , immunologic paralysis older name for immunologic tolerance.
juvenile paralysis agitans (of Hunt) increased muscle tonus with the characteristic attitude and facies of paralysis agitans, occurring in early life and due to progressive degeneration of the globus pallidus.
Klumpke's paralysis , Klumpke-Dejerine paralysis lower brachial plexus paralysis caused by birth injury, particularly during a breech delivery.
Landry's paralysis acute idiopathic polyneuritis.
mixed paralysis combined motor and sensory paralysis.
motor paralysis paralysis of voluntary muscles.
musculospiral paralysis paralysis of the extensor muscles of the wrist and fingers.
normokalemic periodic paralysis see familial periodic p.
periodic paralysis
1. any of various diseases characterized by episodic flaccid paralysis or muscular weakness.
postepileptic paralysis Todd's p.
progressive bulbar paralysis see under palsy.
pseudobulbar paralysis spastic weakness of the muscles innervated by the cranial nerves, i.e., the facial muscles, pharynx, and tongue, due to bilateral lesions of the corticospinal tract, often accompanied by uncontrolled weeping or laughing.
pseudohypertrophic muscular paralysis see under dystrophy.
sensory paralysis loss of sensation due to a morbid process.
thyrotoxic periodic paralysis recurrent episodes of generalized or local paralysis accompanied by hypokalemia, occurring in association with Graves' disease, especially after exercise or a high carbohydrate or high sodium meal.
Todd's paralysis transient hemiplegia or monoplegia after an epileptic seizure.
vasomotor paralysis cessation of vasomotor control.
nor·mo·ka·le·mic periodic paralysis (nôr m -k -l  m k)n. An inherited form of periodic paralysis in which the serum potassium concentration is within normal limits during attacks. Onset usually occurs between the ages of 2 and 5 years, often associated with severe quadriplegia. |
periodic paralysis
Neurology Any of a group of conditions characterized by centrifugal 'attacks' of paralyzing, focal or systemic weakness of hrs to days in duration, accompanied by a loss of deep tendon reflexes, refractoriness
of muscle fibers to electrical stimulation, profound changes in potassium levels, variable cardiac arrhythmias and complete recuperation between attacks; rest following vigorous exercise may evoke an attack in a group of muscle fibers without
changing the serum K+ levels
Periodic paralysis
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis Periodic paralysis I An AD condition of late onset that is more intense in ♂ and occurs following strenuous exercise or carbohydrate meals, affecting the extremities, respiratory and cardiac muscle,
potentially causing ventricular tachycardia and premature ventricular contractions Treatment KCl, acetazolamide; the severely afflicted may develop persistent weakness and dystrophic changes in muscle DiffDx Carnitine palmityl transferase
deficiency, glycogen storage disease, type V, all other forms of periodic paralysis
Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis Periodic paralysis II An AD variant of muscular dystrophy caused by a defective gene on chromosome 17, which encodes the α subunit of a sodium channel in muscle cell membranes, closely linked to the
growth hormone gene GH1 Clinical Early onset, most intense in males in whom paralytic attacks follow strenuous exercise, affecting the legs and eyelids; hyperkalemia may be prevented by acetazolamide; with time, severely afflicted subjects
develop persistent weakness and dystrophic changes in muscle
Normokalemic periodic paralysis Periodic paralysis III 1. Primary or hereditary A condition with attacks of childhood onset that may disappear by middle age; exposure to cold may provoke attacks and over time, result in vacuolar myopathy; the
attacks may be provoked by high-carbohydrate, high-sodium diets during periods of excitement and may respond to oral potassium 2. Secondary or acquired A condition associated with thyrotoxicosis, hypokalemia or K+ wasting by the kidneys
or GI tract or due to accidental ingestion of absorbable barium salts that block K+ channels, reducing the egress of K+ from the muscles, evoking systemic hypokalemia or hyperkalemia, which may be associated with renal or
adrenal insufficiency
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