moxifloxacin

moxifloxacin /mox·i·flox·a·cin/ (-flok´sah-sin) a fluoroquinoloneantibacterial effective against many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria; used as the hydrochloride salt.

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moxifloxacin,

an antiinfective.

indications It is used to treat acute bacterial sinusitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis; acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis from S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, H. parainfluenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and M. catarrhalis; and community-acquired pneumonia from S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and M. catarrhalis.

contraindication Known hypersensitivity to quinolones prohibits its use.

adverse effects Seizures are a life-threatening effect of this drug. Other adverse effects include prolonged QT interval, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, depression, confusion, increased ALT and AST, flatulence, heartburn, oral candidiasis, dysphagia, pruritus, urticaria, photosensitivity, flushing, fever, chills, tremor, arthralgia, and tendon rupture. Common side effects include headache, restlessness, nausea, diarrhea, and rash.

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moxifloxacin

a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with activity against anaerobic bacteria.

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antibiotic 

1. Pertaining to the ability to destroy or inhibit other living organisms.

2. A substance derived from a mould or bacterium, or produced synthetically, that destroys (bactericidal) or inhibits the growth (bacteriostatic) of other microorganisms and is thus used to treat infections. Some substances have a narrow spectrum of activity whereas others act against a wide range of both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms (broad-spectrum antibiotics). Antibiotics can be classified into several groups according to their mode of action on or within bacteria: (1) Drugs inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, such as bacitracin, vancomycin and the β-lactams based agents (e.g. penicillin, cephalosporins (e.g. ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime). (2) Drugs affecting the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, such as polymyxin B sulfate and gramicidin. (3) Drugs inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, such as aminoglycosides (e.g. amikacin sulfate, framycetin sulfate, gentamicin, neomycin sulfate and tobramycin), tetracyclines, macrolides (e.g. erythromycin and azithromycin) and chloramphenicol. (4) Drugs inhibiting the intermediate metabolism of bacteria, such as sulfonamides (e.g. sulfacetamide sodium) and trimethoprim. (5) Drugs inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis, such as nalixidic acid and fluoroquinolones (e.g. ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin). (6) Other antibiotics such as fusidic acid, the diamidines, such as propamidine isethionate and dibrompropamidine. Syn. antibacterial. See antiinflammatory drug; fusidic acid.