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levofloxacin |
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levofloxacin /le·vo·flox·a·cin/ (-flok´sah-sin) a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent for systemic and ophthalmic use.
levofloxacin Iquix, Levaquin, Oftaquix (UK), Quixin, Tavanic (UK) Pharmacologic class: Fluoroquinolone Therapeutic class: Anti-infective Pregnancy risk category C ActionInhibits the enzyme DNA gyrase in susceptible gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, interfering with bacterial DNA synthesis AvailabilityOphthalmic solution: Quixin - 0.5% (5 mg/ml), Iquix - 1.5% Premixed solution for injection: 250 mg/50 ml, 500 mg/100 ml, 750 mg/150 ml Solution for injection (concentrated): 500 mg/20 ml Tablets: 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg ⊘Indications and dosages ➣ Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis Adults: 500 mg I.V. or P.O. q 24 hours for 7 days ➣ Community-acquired pneumonia Adults: 500 mg I.V. or P.O. q 24 hours for 7 to 14 days, or 750 mg I.V. or P.O. q 24 hours for 5 days ➣ Nosocomial pneumonia caused by methicillin-susceptible strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, or Streptococcus pneumoniae; complicated skin and skin-structure infections Adults: 750 mg I.V. or P.O. q 24 hours for 7 to 14 days ➣ Acute maxillary sinusitis Adults: 500 mg I.V. or P.O. q 24 hours for 10 to 14 days ➣ Uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections Adults: 500 mg I.V. or P.O. q 24 hours for 7 to 10 days ➣ Complicated urinary tract infections; acute pyelonephritis caused by E. coli Adults: 250 mg I.V. or P.O. q 24 hours for 10 days ➣ Uncomplicated urinary tract infections Adults: 250 mg I.V. or P.O. q 24 hours for 3 days ➣ Chronic bacterial prostatitis Adults: 500 mg I.V. or P.O. q 24 hours for 28 days. ➣ Conjunctivitis Adults and children ages 1 and older: One or two drops of 0.5% ophthalmic solution into affected eye q 2 hours while awake on days 1 and 2 (up to eight times daily); then one or two drops q 4 hours while awake on days 3 through 7 (up to four times daily) ➣ Corneal ulcers Adults and children ages 6 and older: On days 1 to 3, one or two drops of 1.5% ophthalmic solution instilled into affected eye(s) q 30 minutes to 1 hour while awake and q 4 to 6 hours after retiring; thereafter, one or two drops q 1 to 4 hours while awake until treatment completion Dosage adjustment• Renal impairment Contraindications• Hypersensitivity to drug, its components, or other quinolones PrecautionsUse cautiously in: Administration• Be aware that oral and I.V. dosages are identical.
Adverse reactionsCNS: dizziness, headache, insomnia, seizures CV: chest pain, palpitations, hypotension EENT: photophobia, sinusitis, pharyngitis GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, flatulence, pseudomembranous colitis GU: vaginitis Hematologic: lymphocytopenia Metabolic: hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia Musculoskeletal: back pain, tendon rupture, tendinitis Skin: photosensitivity Other: altered taste, reaction and pain at I.V. site, hypersensitivity reactions including Stevens-Johnson syndrome InteractionsDrug-drug. Antacids containing aluminum or magnesium, didanosine (tablets), iron salts, sucralfate, zinc salts: decreased levofloxacin absorption Cimetidine: interference with levofloxacin elimination Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: increased risk of CNS stimulation and seizures Drug-diagnostic tests. Glucose: increased or decreased level Lymphocytes: decreased count EEG: abnormal findings Drug-food. Concurrent tube feedings, milk, yogurt: impaired levofloxacin absorption Drug-herbs. Dong quai, St. John's wort: phototoxicity Fennel: decreased levofloxacin absorption Drug-behaviors. Sun exposure: phototoxicity Patient monitoring• Check vital signs, especially blood pressure. Too-rapid infusion can cause hypotension. Patient teaching☞ Tell patient to stop taking drug and contact prescriber if he experiences signs or symptoms of hypersensitivity reaction (rash, hives, or other skin reactions) or severe diarrhea (which may indicate pseudomembranous colitis). levofloxacin Levaquin® Infectious disease An advanced-generation, broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone with improved activity against streptococci and anaerobes Indications Community-acquired URIs, acute maxillary sinusitis, bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, skin, UTIs Adverse events Restlessness, N&V, diarrhea, dizziness, insomnia. See Fluoroquinolone. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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