ciliary ganglion (redirected from Lenticular ganglion)

ganglion /gan·gli·on/ (gang´gle-on) pl. gan´glia, ganglions   [Gr.]

1. a knot, or knotlike mass; in anatomy, a group of nerve cell bodies, located outside the central nervous system; occasionally applied to certain nuclear groups within the brain or spinal cord, e.g., basal ganglia.

2. a form of benign cystic tumor on an aponeurosis or a tendon.gan´glialganglion´ic

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aberrant ganglion  a small ganglion sometimes found on a dorsal cervical nerve root between the spinal ganglia and the spinal cord.

Acrel's ganglion  a cystic tumor on an extensor tendon of the wrist.

Andersch's ganglion  inferior g. (1).

autonomic ganglia  aggregations of cell bodies of neurons of the autonomic nervous system, divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia.

basal ganglia  see under nucleus.

Bidder's ganglia  ganglia on the cardiac nerves, situated at the lower end of the atrial septum.

Bochdalek's ganglion  superior dental plexus.

cardiac ganglia  ganglia of the cardiac plexus near the arterial ligament.

carotid ganglion  an occasional small enlargement in the internal carotid plexus.

celiac ganglia  two irregularly shaped ganglia, one on each crus of the diaphragm within the celiac plexus.

cerebrospinal ganglia  those associated with the cranial and spinal nerves.

cervical ganglion 

1. any of the three ganglia (inferior, middle, and superior) of the sympathetic trunk in the neck region.

2. one near the cervix uteri.

cervicothoracic ganglion  one formed by fusion of the inferior cervical and the first thoracic ganglia.

cervicouterine ganglion  cervical g. (2).

ciliary ganglion  a parasympathetic ganglion in the posterior part of the orbit.

Cloquet's ganglion  a swelling of the nasopalatine nerve in the anterior palatine canal.

cochlear ganglion  spiral g.

Corti's ganglion  spiral g.

dorsal root ganglion  spinal g.

Ehrenritter's ganglion  superior g. (1).

false ganglion  an enlargement on a nerve that does not have a true ganglionic structure.

gasserian ganglion  trigeminal g.

geniculate ganglion  the sensory ganglion of the facial nerve, on the geniculum of the facial nerve.

ganglion im´par  the ganglion commonly found in front of the coccyx, where the sympathetic trunks of the two sides unite.

inferior ganglion 

1. the lower of two ganglia on the glossopharyngeal nerve as it passes through the jugular foramen.

2. a ganglion of the vagus nerve, just below the jugular foramen.

jugular ganglion  superior g.

Lee's ganglion  cervical g. (2).

Ludwig's ganglion  one near the right atrium of the heart, connected with the cardiac plexus.

lumbar ganglia  the ganglia on the lumbar part of the sympathetic trunk, usually four or five on either side.

Meckel's ganglion  pterygopalatine g.

Meissner's ganglion  one of the small groups of nerve cells in Meissner's plexus.

mesenteric ganglion, inferior  a sympathetic ganglion near the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery.

mesenteric ganglion, superior  one or more sympathetic ganglia at the sides of, or just below, the superior mesenteric artery.

otic ganglion  a parasympathetic ganglion immediately below the foramen ovale; its postganglionic fibers supply the parotid gland.

parasympathetic ganglion  one of the aggregations of cell bodies of cholinergic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system; they are located near to or within the wall of the organs being innervated.

phrenic ganglion  a sympathetic ganglion often found within the phrenic plexus at its junction with the cardiac plexus.

pterygopalatine ganglion  a parasympathetic ganglion in the pterygopalatine fossa; its preganglionic fibers are derived from the facial nerve via the greater petrosal nerve and the nerve of the pterygopalatine canal and its postganglionic fibers supply the lacrimal, nasal, and palatine glands.

Remak's ganglion 

1. a sympathetic ganglion on the heart wall near the superior vena cava.

2. one of the sympathetic ganglia in the diaphragmatic opening for the inferior vena cava.

3. one of the ganglia in the gastric plexus.

Ribes' ganglion  a small ganglion sometimes seen in the termination of the internal carotid plexus around the anterior communicating artery of the brain.

sacral ganglia  those of the sacral part of the sympathetic trunk, usually three or four on either side.

Scarpa's ganglion  vestibular g.

semilunar ganglion 

1. trigeminal g.

2. (in the pl.) celiac ganglia.

sensory ganglion 

1. spinal g.

2. (in the pl.) the ganglia on the roots of the cranial nerves, containing the cell bodies of sensory neurons.

3. both of these considered together.

simple ganglion  a cystic tumor in a tendon sheath.

sphenomaxillary ganglion , sphenopalatine ganglion pterygopalatine g.

spinal ganglion  one on the posterior root of each spinal nerve, composed of unipolar nerve cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the nerve.

Ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis (spinal ganglion), seen in a cross-section of the spinal cord.

spiral ganglion  the ganglion on the cochlear nerve, located within the modiolus, sending fibers peripherally to the organ of Corti and centrally to the cochlear nuclei of the brain stem.

splanchnic ganglion  one on the greater splanchnic nerve near the twelfth thoracic vertebra.

submandibular ganglion  a parasympathetic ganglion located superior to the deep part of the submandibular gland, on the lateral surface of the hyoglossal muscle.

superior ganglion 

1. the upper of two ganglia on the glossopharyngeal nerve as it passes through the jugular foramen.

2. a small ganglion on the vagus nerve just as it passes through the jugular foramen.

sympathetic ganglion  any of the aggregations of cell bodies of adrenergic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system; they are arranged in chainlike fashion on either side of the spinal cord.

trigeminal ganglion  one on the sensory root of the fifth cranial nerve in a cleft in the dura mater on the anterior surface of the petrous part of the temporal bone, giving off the ophthalmic and maxillary nerves and part of the mandibular nerve.

tympanic ganglion  an enlargement on the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve.

vagal ganglion 

1. inferior g. (2).

2. superior g. (2).

ventricular ganglion  Bidder's ganglia.

vestibular ganglion  the sensory ganglion of the vestibular part of the eighth cranial nerve, located in the upper part of the lateral end of the internal acoustic meatus.

Wrisberg's ganglia  cardiac ganglia.

wrist ganglion  cystic enlargement of a tendon sheath on the back of the wrist.

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ciliary ganglion

n.

A small parasympathetic ganglion in the orbit behind the eye that receives preganglionic innervation through the oculomotor nerve and gives rise to the postganglionic fibers that innervate the ciliary and sphincter muscles of the pupil.

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ciliary ganglion,

a small parasympathetic ganglion in the orbit of the eye, which controls pupillary and accommodative reflexes.

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ganglion(ia) (gang´glēon),

n/n.pl an accumulation of neuron cell bodies outside the central nervous system.

ganglion, basal,

n a group of forebrain nuclei that, with the related structures of the brain, play an important role in the regulation of muscle tone and motor control. The cell groups of these ganglia and their respective nerve tracts are classified as the
extrapyramidal motor system to differentiate them from the
pyramidal motor system, which goes directly from the cerebral cortex to the lower motor neuron. Disease associated with the basal ganglia is manifested by three principal motor abnormalities: disturbance of muscle tone, derangement of movement, and loss of associated or automatic movement.

ganglion, ciliary,

n a parasympathetic nerve ganglion in the posterior part of the orbit. The ciliary ganglion receives preganglionic fibers from the region of the oculomotor nucleus and sends postganglionic fibers via short ciliary nerves to (1) the constrictor muscle of the iris (constriction of pupil) and (2) circular fibers of the ciliary muscle (accommodation for vision).

ganglion, otic,

n a ganglion located medial to the mandibular nerve just below the foramen ovale in the infratemporal fossa. It supplies the sensory and secretory fibers for the parotid gland. Its sensory fibers arise from the facial and glossopharyngeal nerves.

ganglion, sphenopalatine

n a ganglia located deep in the pterygopalatine fossa that is intimately associated with the maxillary nerve. It lies distal and medial to the maxillary tuberosity. Its fibers supply the oral mucosa of the oropharynx, tonsils, soft and hard palates, and nasal cavity. The mucous and serous secretions of all the oral mucosa of the oropharynx are also mediated by this ganglion.

ganglion, submandibular,

n a ganglion located on the medial side of the mandible between the lingual nerve and the submandibular duct. The submandibular ganglion is distributed to the sublingual and submandibular glands. The sensory fibers arise from the lingual branch of the trigeminal nerve; i.e., the chorda tympani of the facial nerve.

ganglion, trigeminal

n a cluster of nervous tissue located on the root of the fifth cranial (trigeminal) nerve.

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ganglion

pl. ganglia, ganglions [Gr.] a knot or knotlike mass; a general term to designate a group of nerve cell bodies, located outside the central nervous system. Occasionally applied to certain nuclear groups within the brain or spinal cord, e.g. basal ganglia.

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aorticorenal ganglion

small sympathetic ganglia supplying nerve fibers to the kidneys.

Arnold's ganglion

see otic ganglion (below).

autonomic ganglion

aggregations of cell bodies of neurons of the autonomic nervous system; the parasympathetic and the sympathetic ganglia combined.

basal ganglion

subcortical masses of gray matter embedded in each cerebral hemisphere, comprising the corpus striatum (caudate and lentiform nuclei), amygdaloid body and claustrum. Other structures have also been considered to be part of the basal ganglia. Called also basal nuclei.

cardiac ganglion

ganglia of the superficial cardiac plexus found close to the aortic arch.

celiac ganglion

two large sympathetic ganglia, found on either side of the celiac artery, supplying nerve fibers to the viscera supplied by that artery; sensory and parasympathetic fibers also pass through the ganglia.

cephalic ganglion

parasympathetic ganglia in the head, consisting of the ciliary, otic, pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia.

cerebrospinal ganglion

those associated with the cranial and spinal nerves.

cervical ganglion

1. any of the three ganglia (cranial, middle and caudal) of the sympathetic trunk found near the base of the skull and inside the thoracic inlet.

2. one near the cervix uteri.

cervicothoracic ganglion

a ganglion on the sympathetic trunk formed by a union of the caudal cervical and one or more thoracic ganglia. Called also stellate ganglion.

ciliary ganglion

a parasympathetic ganglion in the posterior part of the orbit supplied by the oculomotor nerve.

Corti's ganglion

spiral ganglion.

dorsal root ganglion

spinal ganglion.

false ganglion

an enlargement on a nerve that does not have a true ganglionic structure.

gasserian ganglion

trigeminal ganglion.

geniculate ganglion

the sensory ganglion of the facial nerve, on the geniculum of the facial nerve.

ganglion impar

the single ganglion commonly found where the sympathetic trunks of the two sides unite.

jugular ganglion

1. the proximal ganglion of the vagus nerve.

2. the proximal (superior) ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve.

lumbar ganglion

the ganglia on the lumbar part of the sympathetic trunk.

otic ganglion

a parasympathetic ganglion next to the medial surface of the mandibular nerve, just ventral to the foramen ovale. Its postganglionic fibers supply the parotid gland. Called also Arnold's ganglion.

parasympathetic ganglion

aggregations of cell bodies of cholinergic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system; these ganglia are located near to or within the wall of the organs being innervated.

petrous ganglion

the distal ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve.

pterygopalatine ganglion

a parasympathetic ganglion in a fossa in the sphenoid bone, formed by postganglionic cell bodies that synapse with preganglionic fibers from the facial nerve via the nerve of the pterygopalatine canal. Called also sphenopalatine ganglion.

sacral ganglion

those of the sacral part of the sympathetic trunk.

semilunar ganglion

trigeminal ganglion.

sensory ganglion

any of the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system that transmit sensory impulses; also, the collective masses of nerve cell bodies in the brain subserving sensory functions.

simple ganglion

a cystic tumor in a tendon sheath.

sphenopalatine ganglion

pterygopalatine ganglion.

spinal ganglion

ganglia on the dorsal root of each spinal nerve.

spiral ganglion

the ganglion on the cochlear nerve, located within the modiolus, sending fibers peripherally to the organ of Corti and centrally to the cochlear nuclei of the brainstem. Called also Corti's ganglion.

stellate ganglion

cervicothoracic ganglion.

sympathetic ganglion

aggregations of cell bodies of adrenergic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system; these ganglia are arranged in chainlike fashion on either side of the spinal cord.

thoracic ganglion

the ganglia on the thoracic portion of the sympathetic trunk.

trigeminal ganglion

a ganglion on the sensory root of the fifth cranial nerve. Called also gasserian ganglion and semilunar ganglion.

tympanic ganglion

an enlargement on the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve.

vestibular ganglion

the sensory ganglion of the vestibular part of the eighth cranial nerve, located in the dorsal part of the lateral end of the internal acoustic meatus.

Walther's ganglion

ganglion impar.

Wrisberg's ganglion

cardiac ganglia.

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injection

1. A state of visible hyperaemia due to dilatation and engorgement of the small blood vessels. 2. The act of introducing a drug into the body.
ciliary injection Redness (almost lilac) around the limbus of the eye caused by dilatation of the deeper small blood vessels located around the cornea. It occurs in inflammation of the cornea, iris and ciliary body, and in angle-closure glaucoma. Each of these conditions is associated with loss of vision and usually pain. Syn. ciliary flush. See ocular decongestant; red eye; pericorneal plexus.
conjunctival injection Redness (bright red or pink) of the conjunctiva fading towards the limbus due to dilatation of the superficial conjunctival blood vessels occurring in conjunctival inflammations. There is no loss of vision but ocular discomfort and no pain. See ocular decongestant; red eye; thyroid ophthalmopathy; pericorneal plexus.
intravitreal injection Injection into the eye posterior to the limbus and directed towards the vitreous. It may be used to administer medication, corticosteroids (e.g. triamcinolone), an antiviral agent (e.g. ganciclovir) in extremely severe ocular inflammations, usually of a purulent nature, to inject antibiotics (e.g. amikacin, ceftazidime, vancomycin) immediately after vitrectomy, or to inject anti-VEGF drugs in the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration.
peribulbar injection Injection of a local anaesthetic (e.g. bupivacaine, lidocaine, procaine) around the globe (either single or multiple injections) to produce anaesthesia of the globe and periocular tissues, as well as paralysis of the extraocular muscles. Peribulbar injection may also be used to administer medication (e.g. corticosteroids) in posterior segment inflammation. Syn. peribulbar block.
retrobulbar injection Injection of a local anaesthetic into the muscle cone behind the eye to produce anaesthesia of the globe and periocular tissues, as well as paralysis of the extraocular muscles. It is used less commonly than peribulbar block. Syn. retrobulbar block.
subconjunctival injection A method of administering medication (e.g. antibiotics, corticosteroids, mydriatics) postoperatively, or in acute anterior segment inflammations. An area of conjunctiva away from the limbus is lifted to form a bleb and an injection is made into it.
sub-Tenon's injection Injection of a local anaesthetic near or beyond the equator using a cannula, which has been inserted under the conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule a few mm from the limbus and slid posteriorly to produce anaesthesia of the globe as well as paralysis of the extraocular muscles. A sub-Tenon's injection may also be used to administer medication (e.g. corticosteroids) in posterior segment inflammation.