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hydrophobic |
Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Wikipedia, Hutchinson | 0.04 sec. |
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hydrophobic /hy·dro·pho·bic/ (-fo´bik) 1. pertaining to hydrophobia (rabies). 2. not readily absorbing water, or being adversely affected by water. 3. lacking polar groups and therefore insoluble in water.
hydrophobic, adj refers to the resistance of a substance to combine with water. Hydrophobic substances, such as oil, are composed of nonpolar molecules, which tend to clump together and repel water. hydrophobic 1. pertaining to hydrophobia (rabies). 2. repelling water; insoluble in water; not readily absorbing water. hydrophobic interaction interaction of nonpolar (un-ionizable) hydrocarbon molecules forced together because of stronger water-water interaction. hydrophobic signal peptides 15 to 30 amino acids located at or near the N-terminus of a protein that always includes a hydrophobic core of at least eight nonpolar amino acids, found in proteins that are synthesized on membrane bound ribosomes and destined for export from the cell. |
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Hydrophobic interactions bind some proteins there, while hydrogen bonding or other forces attach yet other proteins to the hot spot. Briefly, the ligand is trapped from the bulk solution at the entrance of the ligand-binding pocket and brought into and locked at the binding site by interaction with amino acid residues within the receptor through H-bond and hydrophobic interactions. Even though results of these studies have at times been contradictory because no standardized methods exist for determining surface hydrophobicity, some kind of hydrophobic interaction apparently occurs between the cell surface and the substratum that would enable the cell to overcome the repulsive forces active within a certain distance from the substratum surface and irreversibly attach. |
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