polyp (redirected from Hereditary polyps)

polyp /pol·yp/ (pol´ip) any growth or mass protruding from a mucous membrane.

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adenomatous polyp  a benign neoplastic growth with variable malignant potential, representing proliferation of epithelial tissue in the lumen of the sigmoid colon, rectum, or stomach.

juvenile polyps  small, benign hemispheric hamartomas of the large intestine occurring sporadically in children.

retention polyps  juvenile p's.

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pol·yp (plp) n. A usually nonmalignant growth of tissue protruding from the mucous lining of an organ such as the nose, bladder, or intestine, often causing obstruction. Also called polypus. polyp·oid adj.

polyp peduncular (left)and sessile polyps in a sigmoid colon

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Polyp

A lump of tissue protruding from the lining of an organ, such as the nose, bladder, or intestine. Polyps can sometimes block the passages in which they are found.

Mentioned in: Aspirin, Bowel Preparation, Corticosteroids, Inhaled, Hysteroscopy, Hysterosonography, Nasal Papillomas, Sigmoidoscopy, Smelling Disorders, Stomach Cancer

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polyp

[pol′ip]

Etymology: Gk, polys + pous, foot

a small tumorlike growth that projects from a mucous membrane surface.

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polyp [pol´ip]

any growth or mass protruding from a mucous membrane. Polyps may be attached to a membrane by a thin stalk (pedunculated polyps), or they may have a broad base (sessile polyps). They are usually an overgrowth of normal tissue, but sometimes they are true tumors (masses of new tissue separate from the supporting membrane). Usually benign, they may lead to complications or eventually become malignant. They can occur wherever there is mucous membrane: in the nose, ears, mouth, lungs, heart, stomach, intestines, urinary bladder, uterus, and cervix.

intestinal p's polyps in the intestines, usually found in middle age although some infants are born with them in the large intestine. Multiple intestinal polyps may be a hereditary disorder. In most cases they cause no symptoms unless they become large enough to obstruct the intestine or become ulcerated so that they bleed. When they do, symptoms may include cramping pains in the lower abdomen, diarrhea, and the passage of blood and mucus. Whether or not they cause symptoms, intestinal polyps should be removed, since any one of them may become malignant. Although all causes of intestinal cancer have not yet been discovered, it is believed that polyps are often a contributing factor.

nasal p's polyps in the nasal cavity or sinuses, usually produced by local irritation, sometimes as a result of an allergy. They are not dangerous, but if they grow large enough to extend into the nose, they may cause stuffiness and headaches. The allergy or other source of irritation responsible for the polyps should be treated; if the polyps continue to be troublesome, surgery may be necessary.

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polyp (pol´ip),

n a smooth, pedunculated growth from a mucous surface such as from the nose, bladder, or rectum.

polyp, pulp,

n See pulpitis, hypertrophic.

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polyp

1. any growth or mass protruding from a mucous membrane. Polyps may be attached to a membrane by a thin stalk, in which case they are known as pedunculated polyps, or may have a broad base (sessile polyps). They are usually an overgrowth of normal tissue, but sometimes polyps are true tumors or masses of new tissue separate from the supporting membrane. Usually benign, they may lead to complications or eventually become malignant.

Polyps may occur wherever there is mucous membrane: in the nose, ears, mouth, lungs, heart, stomach, intestines, urinary bladder, uterus and cervix. Terminology includes location and/or contents, e.g. adenomatous, fibrous, gastric, tracheal.

2. a sedentary form of hydrozoan, e.g. sea anemone.

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nasal polyp

causes nasal obstruction in sporadic cases. Mycotic nasal granuloma of cattle is manifested by respiratory obstruction and polyps in the anterior part of the nasal cavity. They are eosinophilic granulomas containing spores and hyphae of the fungus Drechslera rostrata. In cats, inflammatory polyps arise from mucosa of the nasal cavity or auditory canal.

nasopharyngeal polyp

occur in cats of any age; inflammatory in origin, they may cause dyspnea, sometimes sneezing.

pharyngeal polyp

cause difficult swallowing and breathing. In cattle they are pedunculated and capable of much movement and erratic clinical signs.

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polyp

An elevated 'tumor' mass, which is usually epithelial, and often neoplastic; polyps are common in the colon, ♀ genital tract, nasopharynx, stomach See Bladder polyp, Cervical polyp, Colon polyp, Hairy polyp, Inflammatory polyp, Inflammatory fibroid polyp, Juvenile polyp, Pseudopolyp, Retention polyp.

Polyps

Colon Colonic polyps are usually epithelial, and are acquired or hereditary

Acquired polyps Adenomatous (tubular or villous) in morphology, ↑ frequency with age; although often asymptomatic, larger polyps are often announced by bleeding, or changed bowel habits; if really large, APs may form a leading 'front' of an intussusception; distinction between adenomatous polyps ('tight' round glands) and villous adenomas (finger-like fronds of elongated glands) has little practical importance–both have malignant potential; periodic colonoscopy and polypectomy yields a 3-fold ↓ in subsequent cancer; hyperplastic polyps are also acquired but are non-neoplastic

Hereditary polyps are epithelial and may overlap with each other

• Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) A premalignant, AD MIM 175100 condition presenting in early adulthood with 100s to 1000s of colonic polyps, related to a loss of the normal repression of DNA synthesis in the entire colonic epithelium; adenocarcinoma occurs in 70–100% of Pts, prevented by prophylactic colectomy

• Gardner syndrome A rare AD MIM 175100 condition with premalignant polyps of the entire GI tract, which is identical to FAP, but has, in addition, extraintestinal tumors; most Pts develop colon carcinoma; other neoplasms in GS Pts include bile duct carcinoma, osteomas of the mandible, skull, and long bones, soft tissue tumors (fibromas, lipomas), sebaceous cysts, and rarely, thyroid and adrenal gland cancers

• Turcott syndrome A rare AR MIM 276300 condition associated with brain tumors, eg medulloblastoma, glioblastoma

• Other colon polyps Hamartomas, hyperplastic polyps, juvenile and retention polyps–little neoplastic potential

• Turcott syndrome A non-hereditary condition characterized by diffuse GI polyposis, accompanied by alopecia, nail atrophy, cutaneous hyperpigmentation, weight loss, protein-losing enteropathy, electrolyte imbalance and malnutrition

• Peutz-Jeghers syndrome An AD MIM 175200 condition with hamartomas of the entire GI tract, predominantly of the small intestine, focal Paneth cell hyperplasia, melanin spots in buccal mucosa, lips, and digits, intussusception and bleeding; colonic adenocarcinomas, when seen in PJS, arise in adenomatous and not in hamartomatous polyps; PJS may be associated with Sertoli cell tumor with annular tubules, see SCTAT

Female urogenital tract Endometrial and endocervical polyps are circumscribed foci of cystic glandular hyperplasia of the mucosa and may cause abnormal bleeding; carcinoma arising in such polyps is rare; when smooth muscle is also present, they are designated as adenomatous polyps DiffDx Polypoid smooth muscle tumors, benign and malignant. See Müllerian mixed tumor.

Nasopharynx Nasal polyps Inflammatory ('allergic') polyps of the nasal cavity are not neoplastic, but rather reactive to inflammation or allergy; unlike true polyps, nasal polyps display edema and chronic inflammation (eosinophils, plasma cells, and lymphocytes), are bilateral, recurrent, and intranasal

Skin Squamous polyps and fibroepithelial polyps or 'skin tags' are benign prolapses of upper dermis onto the skin surface, which have no neoplastic potential

Stomach polyp Gastric polyp It is often (incorrectly) assumed that colon polyps are analogous to gastric polyps; hyperplastic polyps (type I and II polyps by Japanese authors) comprise 75% of all gastric polyps; they are neoplastic, but are usually benign  

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Patient discussion about polyp.

Q. Blood in stools before and after polyp removel, Avms of the deodenel loop, inside hems, and 3cin tubuo adenoma Hi, On Nov of 06 I had a colonoscopy done and they didnt find any thing that could be mking me bleed and go to the rest room often. Then in Nov of 07 did a EDg and found I have AVMs of the deodenel loop.She Burned them and I didnt have any more bleeding till June of thei yr.On 6/6/08 i had another EDg done she burned more AVMs and on Mon I started bleeding again. This time she did a colonoscopy and found I had inside hems and a 3cin tubuolvillous adenoma inflamed.She cut, burned, and took it out in peices.She saye she will go back in Nov of this yr and look again. Two weeks after I had this done I had started to bleed again and had bad such bad pain in my hip I had to hold on to walk. that same day i started to bleed again. I bled out big clots and a bowl full of blood! A few days later the pain went away but was still bleeding ever time I had bowl movement!I can bleed up to 4 days at a times sometimes. I have been taking HC supp. and it seems to have stoped the bleeding and pain!

A. It is normal that after a polyp removal you will continue bleeding some more. However, if you feel like there is a lot of bleeding, and/or you are not feeling well, you should see a doctor as soon as possible to stop the bleeding or look for the source of bleeding.