inheritance /in·her·i·tance/ (in-her´ĭ-tans)
inheritance
Patient discussion about Heir-general.
1. the acquisition of characters or qualities by transmission from parent to offspring.
2. that which is transmitted from parent to offspring.
cytoplasmic inheritance mitochondrial i.
dominant inheritance see under gene.
extrachromosomal inheritance mitochondrial i.
intermediate inheritance inheritance in which the phenotype of the heterozygote falls between that of either homozygote.
maternal inheritance mitochondrial i.
mitochondrial inheritance the inheritance of traits controlled by genes on the DNA of mitochondria in the ooplasm; thus the genes are inherited entirely from the maternal side, segregate randomly at meiosis or mitosis, and are variably expressed.
recessive inheritance see under gene.
sex-linked inheritance see under gene.
in·her·i·tance ( n-h r -t ns)n. 1. The process of genetic transmission of traits from parents to offspring. 2. A characteristic so inherited. 3. The sum of characteristics genetically transmitted from parents to offspring. |
inheritance
[inher′itəns]
Etymology: L, in, within, hereditare, to inherit
1 the acquisition or expression of traits or conditions by transmission of genetic material from parents to offspring.
2 the sum of the genetic qualities or traits transmitted from parents to offspring; the total genetic makeup of a fertilized ovum. Kinds of inheritance include alternative inheritance, amphigenous inheritance, autosomal inheritance, blending inheritance, codominant inheritance, complemental inheritance, crisscross inheritance, cytoplasmic inheritance, holandric inheritance, hologynic inheritance, homochronous inheritance, maternal inheritance, monofactorial inheritance, multifactorial inheritance, supplemental inheritance, and X-linked inheritance. inherit, v. inherited, adj.
inheritance
1. the acquisition of characters or qualities by transmission from parent to offspring.
2. that which is transmitted from parent to offspring. See also gene, deoxyribonucleic acid and heredity.
Mendelian inheritance is the basis of all genetic practice, but it has limitations in explaining the small differences that occur in a range of offspring of similar and related matings. Galtonian genetics deals specifically with this problem and is better fitted as a tool in population genetics and in dealing with characters that are dependent on a number of chromosomal loci rather than on a single locus.
autosomal inheritance
controlled by genes located on autosomes.
intermediate inheritance
inheritance in which the phenotype of the heterozygote falls between that of either homozygote.
maternal inheritance
the transmission of characters that are dependent on peculiarities of the egg cytoplasm produced, in turn, by nuclear genes.
X-linked inheritance
see x-linked.
inheritance
The acquisition of traits, characteristics and disorders from parents to their children by transmission of genetic information. Genes come in pairs: one originating from the father, the other from the mother. If an individual presents only the hereditary characteristics determined by one gene of the pair on an autosomal chromosome, that gene is called dominant. Conditions caused by such genes are said to show autosomal dominant inheritance. For instance, for a rare autosomal dominant disease, if one parent is affected, then on average about 50% of their children will also be affected, irrespective of the children's sex. Examples: Marfan's syndrome, congenital stationary night blindness, neurofibromatosis 1 and 2, von Hippel-Lindau disease. If the individual does not present the hereditary characteristics unless both genes in a pair are of the same type, then the gene is called recessive. Conditions caused by such genes are said to show autosomal recessive inheritance. For a rare autosomal recessive disease, if a child is affected, then on average about 25% of their siblings will also be affected, irrespective of their sex. Examples: Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome, Tay-Sachs disease, oculocutaneous albinism, galactokinase deficiency.Thirdly, inheritance may be controlled by genes on one of the sex chromosomes, most often the X chromosome. A recessive mutation on the single X chromosome carried by a male will cause a disease, whereas in the female, a recessive X chromosome mutation would have to be carried on both of her X chromosomes. Therefore in X-linked recessive inheritance (sex-linked recessive inheritance) males are affected more often than females. Examples: colour blindness, ocular albinism, choroideremia. A fourth type of inheritance considered in ophthalmic practice is mitochondrial (maternal) inheritance in which the inheritance of a trait encoded in the mitochondrial DNA is transmitted through the female line (mother to son or mother to daughter). Examples: Leber's hereditary optic atrophy; Kearns-Sayre syndrome. See acquired; chromosome; defective colour vision; gene; hereditary.
| Table I5 Divisions of the infrared spectrum | |
| IR-A (near) | 780-1400 nm |
| IR-B (middle) | 1400-3000 nm |
| IR-C (far) | 3000-1 000 000 nm |
Patient discussion about Heir-general.
Q. Is alcoholism hereditary?
A. HEY BIanca;that is very true,I think most people know that alcoholism is genetic also,an if you have family members that have had problems,it is best to stay away from it---but we all have free will,an we all dont do the right thing sometimes--I lived with a alcoholic(my father)an it was no fun,drink grape juich or something.mrfoot56
Q. Can autism occur in more than one child? We’re a couple in our early thirties, and have a 8 years old son that was diagnosed with autism. It’s not easy to rear him, but now we feel we are ready for another child. However, we are very worried – our first son was born healthy, and only couple of years later he was diagnosed with autism. We love him very much, but we feel another child with autism will be just beyond our energies. What are the chances we will have another child with autism? Is there any way to diagnose the baby during pregnancy?
A. Having one child with autism does put you in an increased risk group for having another autistic child, however the chances are relatively small. You will not be able to know during pregnancy, and that would be a risk you would have to take, if you want to bring another baby into the world. I know it is not easy, but remember it is of much much higher probability your next child will be healthy.
Q. Is ADHD hereditary? I had ADHD as a young boy. Does this mean my children will have ADHD too?
A. Most doctors now believe that ADHD is hereditary. Environmental factors do not cause ADHD, nor is it a result of poor parenting skills or broken homes. There may be times when outside influences can result in symptoms that mimic ADHD, but the guidelines for diagnosing ADHD take this into account by controls such as the requirement that symptoms must be present in two or more areas of life and must have existed from an early age.
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